摘穗和收获时间对甜玉米秸秆主要营养成分的影响  

Influence of ear stripping and stalk harvesting time on main nutrient components of sweet corn stalks

作　　者：闫贵龙[1] 田树飞[1] 穆秀明[1] 曹春梅[1] 王瑞兵 陈哲凯 

机构地区：[1]河北北方学院动物科技学院,河北宣化075131 [2]河北巡天农业科技有限公司,河北宣化075131 [3]河北省张家口市种子管理站,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《草业科学》2015年第8期1323-1328,共6页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：河北北方学院校级创新团队(CXTD1305);河北省科技计划项目(11220418)

摘　　要：本试验以SBS903和脆王两个甜玉米(Zea mays var.rugosa)品种为试验材料,研究了摘穗和收获时间对甜玉米秸秆主要营养成分的影响。结果显示,SBS903甜玉米品种秸秆从摘穗当天收获到摘穗7 d后收获,随收获时间的延迟,钙、磷、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素都呈减少趋势,而水溶性碳水化合物和总糖含量都呈增加趋势;受粉后20 d摘穗当天与26 d摘穗当天收获的秸秆相比,随收获时间推迟,钙、粗灰分、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量呈增加趋势,而蛋白质、磷、水溶性碳水化合物和总糖都呈减少趋势;脆王甜玉米品种秸秆的情况也与此相类似。可见,甜玉米摘穗后推迟收获能够提高秸秆营养价值,但生理状况一致时,推迟收获会降低秸秆的营养价值。In the present study,the influence of ear stripping and stalk harvesting time on main nutrient components of sweet corn stalks were investigate using the 2 Zea mays cultivars-SBS903 and Krispy King. SBS903 sweet corn stalks harvesting from the day of ear stripping to the seventh day after ear stripping,the contents of neutral detergent fiber（ NDF）,acid detergent fiber（ ADF）,acid detergent lignin（ ADL）,crude protein,crude fat,calcium,and phosphorus decreased whereas the contents of water soluble carbohydrates（ WSC） and total sugars increased. The contents of NDF,ADF,ADL,crude ash,crude fat,and calcium in SBS903 sweet corn stalks increased with the postpone of harvest whereas the contents of crude protein,phosphorus,WSC,and total sugars decreased. The Krispy King sweet corn stalks had similar nutrition content variations with the above SBS903. These results suggested that the nutritive value of sweet corn stalks increased with the postpone of harvest time after ear stripping,and the nutritive value of sweet corn stalks decreased with the postponement of ear stripping or stalk harvesting when physiological conditions were similar.

关 键 词：甜玉米 摘穗 收获秸秆 营养成分 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]