场独立-场依存认知风格对信息搜寻绩效影响:元分析研究  

Impacts of Field Independence and Field Dependence Cognitive Style on Information Seeking Performance:A Meta-analysis Research

作　　者：柯青[1] 孙建军[1] 成颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学信息管理学院

出　　处：《情报学报》2015年第6期646-661,共16页Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information

基　　金：国家社科重大招标项目“面向学科领域的网络信息资源深度聚合与服务研究”(12&ZD221);国家社会科学基金青年项目“基于用户认知差异的检索系统人机交互过程及界面评估”(11CTQ037)

摘　　要：认知风格是表征用户信息处理一贯方式的个性差异变量，然而，现有文献表明认知风格是否显著影响用户在超文本环境下的信息搜寻绩效存在不一致的结论。本文应用了元分析方法，以场独立一场依存认知风格维度作为自变量，以超文本信息搜寻中的时间和成就作为因变量，对筛选出的11篇研究样本计算变量之间的综合效应。元分析结果表明，认知风格对时间绩效和成就绩效均显著相关，呈现中度影响效应。场独立型具有较高的时间绩效，而场依存型则具有较高的成就绩效。各研究样本在认知风格对信息搜寻成就绩效的影响上具有同质性，在认知风格对信息搜寻时间绩效的影响效应上具有异质性，且研究中的一些技术因素，如被试国别、研究场景、测量工具和出版物类型对影响效应值无显著影响。Cognitive style is a term used to describe users＇ inbuilt and relatively consistent preferences in organizing and representing information. There are inconsistent findings on the relationship between cognitive style and web information seeking performance according to current literature. The present study calculates the overall effect size based on the identified 11 study samples through meta-analysis method, while the field independence and field dependence cognitive style is as independent variable and information seeking time and achievement are as dependent variables. Results show that cognitive style is significantly related with information seeking performance and the effect size is moderate. Field independent users show higher time efficiency as well as field independent users show higher achievements. The study samples are homogeneous on the effects between cognitive style and achievements but they are heterogeneous on the effects between cognitive style and time. Further we demonstrate that some technical factors like participants＇ country, research context, cognitive style measurement instruments and publication type show no significant impacts on the effect size.

关 键 词：认知风格 信息搜寻 绩效 元分析 场独立 场依存 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]