交联淀粉的干法制备及其在陶瓷生产上的应用  

Preparation of Cross-linked Starch by Dry Process and Its Application in Porcelain Production

作　　者：曹文[1] 夏光华[1] 谭训彦[1] 廖文川[1] 张晓林[1] 

机构地区：[1]景德镇陶瓷学院材料科学与工程学院,江西景德镇333403

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2015年第4期376-379,共4页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：景德镇陶瓷学院工程技术研究创新项目

摘　　要：以木薯淀粉为主要原料,采用机械化学改性法,分别考察了交联剂尿素(CO(NH2)2)和环氧氯丙烷(C3H5Cl O)的用量对淀粉改性效果的影响。利用旋转粘度计对淀粉样品的表观粘度进行表征,将优化后的交联淀粉加入到建陶坯体、长石质日用瓷坯体、骨质日用瓷坯体中,通过测量坯体的抗折强度进行评价。研究表明:当活化剂氢氧化钠(Na OH)用量为20wt.%,活化时间为4 h,醚化剂一氯乙酸钠(Cl CH2COONa)用量为8wt.%,尿素和环氧氯丙烷用量分别为2wt.%和5wt.%,反应时间为3 h时,交联淀粉(2wt.%水溶液)粘度达7112 m Pa·s。用0.3wt.%交联淀粉替代坯料中50wt.%可塑性粘土,建陶坯体、长石质瓷和骨质瓷坯体抗折强度仍可提升38.3%、43.9%和22.5%。Using cassava starch as main raw material, the influence of the dosage of cross-linking agents carbamide （CO（NH2）2） and epichlorohydrin （C3H5C10） on the modification effects of starch has been respectively studied by means of the mechanochemical modification process. The apparent viscosity of starch samples has been characterized with a rotational viscometer. The optimized cross-linked starch has been added to the green bodies of building porcelain tile, household feldspathic porcelain and bone china, and the bending strengths of the green bodies have been measured. The results show that the viscosity of the cross-linked starch aqueous solution （2wt.%） can reach 7,112 mPa. s when 20 wt% activation agent （NaOH） is added with 4 h of activation time, the amounts of the etherification agent （C1CH2COONa）, the carbamide and the epichlorohydrin are respectively 8wt.%, 2wt.% and 5 wt% with 3 h of reaction time. When 0.3wt.% of cross-linked starch substitutes for 50wt.% plastic clay in the green bodies of building porcelain tile, household feldspathic porcelain and bone china, the bending strengths of the bodies can be enhanced up to 38.3%, 43.9% and 22.5% respectively compared to those of the original bodies.

关 键 词：交联淀粉 制备 机械化学 陶瓷 应用 

分 类 号：TQ174.4[化学工程—陶瓷工业]