北京市某中学教师脊柱周围肌肉力量及其对称性分析  

Analysis on the symmetry and strength of paraspinal muscles among secondary school teachers in Beijing

作　　者：范越[1] 李红娟[2] 朱娜娜[2] 薛艳秋[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动康复系,北京100084 [2]北京体育大学运动人体科学学院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2015年第8期595-597,共3页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK21B01)

摘　　要：目的了解中学教师脊柱周围肌力及其对称性的现状。方法采用Back-check 600等长肌力测试仪,对北京市某中学进行随机抽样,选取55名在职教师进行脊柱周围肌肉力量状况的测评。肌力测试主要包括颈部屈（伸）肌力、颈部侧屈肌力、躯干屈（伸）肌力、躯干侧屈肌力、髋外展及内收力、伸髋肌力、肩外展力。结果男女教师组进行对比,各项肌力男性均高于女性,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。成对肌力进行差异率比较显示：男教师成对肌力平均差异率在12.33%~53.02%,女教师平均差异率在12.57%~49.78%,其中躯干屈伸肌力和颈部屈伸肌力差异较大;受试者中多数对称部位肌力差异率在20%以下,但差异率超过20%的仍占一定比例,尤其以男女教师的颈部屈伸肌力及躯干屈伸肌力差异幅度大的比例较高。结论教师人群脊柱周围肌力对称性差,可能与长期伏案工作或长期处于不正确的身体姿势有关,是造成教师人群腰背部不适的主要原因之一。建议中学教师及时了解自身脊柱周围肌力及对称性情况,选择适宜拉伸对称肌力的姿势或运动进行锻炼,以达到均衡各个部位肌肉力量,保持脊柱健康的目的。Objective This study aimed to assess the symmetry and strength of paravertebral muscles among secondary school teachers in Beijing. Methods Fifty-five teachers were randomly selected from a middle school of Beijing in 2012,and the paraspinal muscular strength including neck flexion（stretch）and lateral flexor strength,trunk flexion（stretch）and lateral flexor strength,hip extension（adduction）and stretch strength,and shoulder extensor strength were measured by using the Back-check 600 Isometric Ergometry.Results The overall muscle strength of male teachers were significantly higher compared with that of females（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.The average difference of paired muscle strength ranged from 12.33% to 53.02%in males and from 12.57%to 49.78%in females,which was higher in trunk and neck flexor and extensor muscle strengths,but majority were under 20%. Conclusions The symmetry of the paravertebral muscle strength of secondary school teachers is far from satisfactory,which may be associated with long-term work on the desk or in an incorrect body position.Over time,this can cause muscle asymmetry,and even lower back discomfort.Therefore,it is recommended that middle school teachers should pay attention to their muscle strength and symmetry condition,and choose some stretching exercise in order to keep the balance of muscle strength,and to maintain a healthy body posture.

关 键 词：中学教师 脊柱 肌肉力量 对称性 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学]