排气消声器对加速行驶车外噪声的影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Exhaust Muffler on Pass-by Noise of Accelerating Trucks

作　　者：运伟国[1] 武智方 邓超 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064 [2]陕西重型汽车有限公司,西安710200

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2015年第4期71-74,共4页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金(2011JM7016)

摘　　要：排气消声器是影响重型汽车加速行驶时车外噪声的重要因素之一。为研究排气消声器对加速行驶车外噪声的影响,对某款重型汽车及一辆标杆车进行多工况排气系统插入损失实验。实验结果表明,对于该重型汽车,如满足车辆加速行驶车外噪声限值80 d B(A)要求,整车状态下排气消声器插入损失需大于20 d B(A),该款重型汽车排气系统插入损失不满足要求;另外,对该款重型汽车匹配的消声器进行声学性能改进,通过有限元方法分析改进前后传递损失,然后试制改进后的消声器并进行装车验证,试验结果表明,改进后的消声器使该车通过噪声降低3.3 d B(A)。Exhaust muffler has a very important contribution to the pass-by noise reduction of heavy duty trucks. In order to investigate the influence of the exhaust muffler on the pass-by noise of heavy-duty trucks, the insertion losses of the exhaust systems of a heavy-duty truck and a benchmark heavy duty truck were tested experimentally under several operation conditions. The results show that the pass-by noise of the truck could be less than the limit of 80 dB（A） if the insertion loss of the muffler was larger than 20 dB（A）. Unfortunately, the domestic heavy duty truck cannot satisfy this requirement. Then, the acoustic performance of the domestic heavy duty truck＇ s exhaust muffler was improved. The insertion losses of the muffler before and after the improvement were analyzed by means of the finite element method. Finally, the improved muffler was made, installed in the truck and tested. The test results show that the pass-by noise of the domestic truck with the improved muffler can be reduced by 3.3 dB（A）.

关 键 词：声学 排气消声器 传递损失 车外加速噪声 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TH212[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH213.3