不同时间尺度喀斯特小流域溪流水文水化学特征  

Stormflow hydrochemical characteristics at different time scales in a typical karst catchment of northwest Guangxi,China

作　　者：刘春[1,2,3] 杨静[1,2,4] 聂云鹏[1,2] 陈洪松[1,2] 付智勇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站,广西环江547100 [3]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第9期2615-2622,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2015CB452703);国家自然科学基金项目(51379205,41301300);中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB3-10);2012年度中国科学院“西部之光”博士项目资助

摘　　要：通过野外定位监测和室内测试分析,研究了典型喀斯特峰丛洼地小流域2013年6月—2014年3月期间溪流不同时间尺度(昼夜、次降雨、季节)主要水文水化学指标的动态变化特征及其影响因素.结果表明:日尺度无雨条件下,溪流水化学过程表现出明显的波动规律,植物光合作用和呼吸作用在昼夜间的相互转换是导致这种变化的主要原因;次降雨尺度下,溪流水文水化学过程的日尺度效应被掩盖,水文水化学过程主要受控于前期无雨天数和降雨强度;从季节尺度看,溪流对降雨表现出较快的响应,雨季响应快于旱季,降雨季节分配差异和温度是影响溪流水文水化学变化的主要因素.Through in situ observation and indoor tests,the hydrochemical characteristics of a typical karst watershed at three different time scales（ diurnal,single storm,and seasonal scales） from June 2013 to March 2014 were investigated,and their influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that the diurnal variations of the hydrochemistry exhibited a regular changing pattern resulting from the shifting of the main vegetation physiological activity from photosynthesis in the day to respiration in the night. At single storm scale,however,the hydrochemical processes were mainly determined by the number of consecutive rainless days and rainfall intensity,while the diurnal scale effect was weakened. As to the seasonal scale,the overall hydrochemical processes showed quick responses to rainfall events although they responded more quickly in the rainy season than in the dry season. The temperature and the yearly rainfall distribution regime were the two main influencing factors at this scale.

关 键 词：尺度效应 响应时间 降雨强度 喀斯特 

分 类 号：P342[天文地球—水文科学]