知识演化与生物进化的类比——库恩的后达尔文主义思想评析  

The Analogy Between Knowledge Evolution and Biological Evolution——On Kuhn's “Post-Darwinian” Thought

作　　者：宋志润[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学公共管理学院,广州510006

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2015年第9期20-24,共5页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"生物学哲学重要问题研究"(14ZDB171)子课题"生物的个体性;多样性和分类的哲学"

摘　　要：库恩反对真理符合论和科学发展累积式进步观,在《科学革命的结构》中从历时性角度论证生物进化与科学知识演化之间的类似,晚年更提出生物进化与知识演化的共时性类比,较好地揭示了科学知识演化的实质,对于科学革命在结构上给出更深刻的阐释。库恩的后达尔文主义可名之为认识论的反目的论。Kuhn opposes the correspondence theory of truth. In The Structure of Scientific Revolution, noticing the parallel between Darwinian evolution and the evolution of knowledge, Kuhn puts forward the diachronic analogy and discusses his viewpoint of development of science. In his later years Kuhn claims to be ＂post-Darwinian-Kantiauism＂ , uses the synchronic analogy of biological evolution and knowledge evolution to reveal the essence of the scientific knowledge evolution, and gives a more profound explanation on the structure of revolution and development of science. Kuhn＇s ＂Post-Darwinian＂ could be named as epistemological anti-teleology.

关 键 词：库恩 后达尔文主义 历时性类比 共时性类比 反目的论 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]