适合地上匍匐茎水生植物的浮床设计及其对富营养化水体脱氮除磷的实效研究  

Floating Bed Designing for Ground Stolon Aquatic Plants and Its Actual Effect on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal of Eutrophic Water

作　　者：范庭兴[1] 陈晓德[1] 杜珲 蔡喜悦[1] 刘成[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生命科学学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2015年第4期212-217,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC09B01);国家星火计划项目(2006EA105025)

摘　　要：采用分株繁殖获取空心莲子草、大聚藻、蕹菜幼苗,以根据地上匍匐茎植物独有的特点设计的新型网式浮床为载体,以400L大型水箱为容器,将这3种地上匍匐茎水生植物应用其中,探究地上匍匐茎水生植物在漂浮条件下对富营养化水体氮磷的真实净化能力,并与传统浮床的同类研究进行对比。结果表明,3种地上匍匐茎水生植物在网式浮床中生长状况良好,空心莲子草对氮的净化能力为0.643 0-1.563 3mg/（g·d）,对磷的净化能力为0.012 7-0.142 0mg/（g·d）;大聚藻对氮的净化能力为1.475 0-4.318 5mg/（g·d）,对磷的净化能力为0.070 3-0.250 0mg/（g·d）;蕹菜对氮的净化能力为3.114 5-4.505 0mg/（g·d）,对磷的净化能力为0.179 0-0.372 5mg/（g·d）;3种植物在网式浮床中对富营养化水体的净化能力均明显高于传统浮床同类研究结果。网式浮床能发掘地上匍匐茎水生植物对富营养化水体的净化潜力,比传统浮床更适用于地上匍匐茎水生植物。To explore the actual effect of ground stolon aquatic plants on nitrogen and phosphorus removal of eutrophic water under the condition of floating,seedlings of 3ground stolon aquatic plant species（Alternanthera philoxeroides,Myriophyllum aquaticum and Ipomoea aquatica）,which were obtained by using division propagation,were carried by a new type net floating bed which was designed according to the unique features of ground stolon aquatic plants,and placed in 400-liter plastic water tanks.In control treatment,traditional floating bed was used to carry ground stolon aquatic plants.The results showed that 3ground stolon aquatic plants grew well in the net floating bed.The purification ability of Alternanthera philoxeroides on nitrogen and phosphorus were 0.643 0to 1.563 3mg/（g·d）and 0.012 7to 0.142 0mg/（g·d）,respectively.The purification ability of Myriophyllum aquaticumon nitrogen and phosphorus were 1.475 0to 4.318 5mg/（g·d）and0.070 3to 0.250 0mg/（g·d）,respectively.The purification ability of Ipomoea aquatica on nitrogen and phosphorus were 3.114 5to 4.505 0 mg/（g·d）and 0.179 0to 0.372 5 mg/（g·d）,respectively.The purification abilities of the 3ground stolon aquatic plants for eutrophic water on net floating bed were significantly higher than those on traditional floating bed.In conclusion,compared to traditional floating bed,the net floating bed can increase the potential purification ability of ground stolon aquatic plants on eutrophic water,and therefore is more suitable for ground stolon aquatic plants.

关 键 词：生态浮床 网式浮床 传统浮床 地上匍匐茎水生植物 脱氮除磷 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X505