典型可燃物燃烧烟尘物化特性差异性研究  

On the different particularities of the soot of the typical combustible explosives from the point of view of their physicochemical properties

作　　者：宗若雯[1,2] 支有冉[1,3] 刘希平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学苏州研究院苏州市城市公共安全重点实验室,江苏苏州215123 [3]南京锅炉压力容器检验研究院,南京210019

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2015年第4期107-112,共6页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划项目(2012BAK03B02);江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2012671);安徽省科技计划项目(1201b0403014);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(WK2320000034)

摘　　要：开展对典型可燃物燃烧烟尘的物化特性差异性研究,是全面了解烟尘信息的基础。基于可控条件下的燃烧试验,对典型可燃物燃烧烟尘物理特性和化学组分进行了分析。通过对比分析汽油燃烧烟尘、聚苯乙烯燃烧烟尘、ABS燃烧烟尘及柴油烟尘和正庚烷烟尘的透射电镜图片,对透射电镜图的紧凑性、复杂性及灰度值进行了深入分析,探讨了燃烧烟尘的物理差异性。利用固相微萃取-气质联用技术(SPME-GC-MS),对汽油燃烧烟尘、聚苯乙烯燃烧烟尘、ABS燃烧烟尘化学组分进行了分析和对比。通过燃烧烟尘的特征物质组分的分析,得到3种燃烧烟尘在特征物质的分布和出峰时间等方面的差异性。这些差异性可作为对烟尘来源及燃烧条件等因素判别的依据。The present paper intends to focus its attention on the different particularities of the soot of the typical combustible explosives from the point of view of their physicochemical properties,which are based on the comprehensive study of its physicochemical properties. In the paper,we have conducted the burning test under the controllable conditions by choosing the soot from different typical combustible explosives,such as gasoline,polystyrene（ PS）,acrylonitrile butadiene styrene（ ABS）,with the diesel and n-heptane collected and analyzed. In proceeding with our research,we have first of all gained the images of the combustion soot via the transmission electron microscopy（ TEM）.With the image processing and mathematical calculation going on,we have analyzed such parameters of the soot as the compactness,complexity and gray value of their images. The calculation results of the parameters show their own individual differences respectively. From the results we have gained,we have made a careful exploration of such kinds of properties as the particle shape and particle concentration distribution of the soot under study provided directly by the images gained,which tend to reveal the different particularities in the physical properties. Besides,we have analyzed and compared the chemical components of the combustible soot from the gasoline,polystyrene（ PS） and the ABS by using the Solid Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer（ SPME-GC-MS）. According to the spectrum chromato-gram,we have analyzed the main characteristic features of the components,for example,the number of ions in the combustion soot. While comparing the characteristic components of the given soot,we have been trying to identify the aromatic hydrocarbons compounds in the soot through careful analysis of the histograms from all the aspects concerned. And,finally,we have found the particular features of the soot and decided whether the distribution of the characteristic components or the peak time tends to affect the resu

关 键 词：安全工程 燃烧烟尘 物化特性 透射电镜 固相微萃取-气质联用技术 差异性 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]