换道预警系统中参数TTC特性研究  

Research on Parameter TTC Characteristics of Lane Change Warning System

作　　者：王畅[1] 付锐[1] 张琼[2] 郭应时[1] 袁伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安710064 [2]人民交通出版社股份有限公司,北京100011

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2015年第8期91-100,108,共11页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61374196;61473046);教育部创新团队发展计划项目(IRT1286);交通运输部应用基础研究项目(2013319812150);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(310822151028;2013G2221006)

摘　　要：为了更合理地设置换道预警参数，进行了实际道路驾驶试验，获取了15名被试驾驶人的换道安全性决策数据。借助信号检测论来确定不同级别预警规则的即将碰撞时间（TTC）阈值，将驾驶人主观感知的自车换道会影响后车正常行驶的时刻、自车能最晚安全换道的时刻划分为换道安全性的2种等级。研究结果表明：2种等级下的TTc参数具有显著差异性；在不同相对速度区间和相对距离区间内，使用不同的TTC阈值均可以提高预警规则的准确率；相对速度区间0～5，5～10，10～15，15～20m·s-1的TTC一、二级阈值分别为5．5，4．4，4，3．4s和4．2，3．3，3．1，2．8S；相对距离区间0～20，20～40，40～60，〉60m的TTC一、二级阈值分别为3．3，3．8，5，6．5S和2．7，3，4．1，4．6S。In order to reasonably setting up lane change warning parameters, real road driving test was carried out. Lane change safety decision-making data of 15 drivers were obtained. Signal detection theory was used to confirm threshold of time to collision （TTC） under the different level warning rules. Lane change safety was divided into two levels according to driver＇s subjective perception. The two levels were time point at which the lane change of ego-vehicle would affect the rear vehicle＇ normal driving, and the latest time at which the ego-vehicle could change lane safely. The result shows that the TTC parameters under the two levels have significant difference. In the districts of different relative speeds and relative distances, the accuracy rate of warning rules can be improved by using different TTC thresholds. The first and second levels＇ TTC thresholds in the relative speed of 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20 m· s-1 should be set as 5.5, 4.4, 4, 3.4 sand4.2, 3.3, 3.1, 2.8 s, respectivley. Correspondingly, the first and second levels＇ TTC thresholds in the relative distance of 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60 m should be set as 3.3, 3.8, 5, 6.5 s and 2.7, 3, 4.1, 4.6 s, respectively.

关 键 词：交通工程 换道预警 信号检测论 TTC 感知特性 驾驶人 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]