基于C-ALS的特大溶洞三维探测及其安全分析  

3D Detection and Safety Analysis for Extra-large Karst Cave Based on C-ALS

作　　者：肖厚藻 刘晓明[1,2] 代碧波[2] 陈建宏[1] 罗文贵 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室,安徽马鞍山243004 [3]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2015年第4期12-16,20,共6页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2011AA060407);金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室开放基金(2015-JSKSSYS-01);国家自然科学基金项目(51374242)

摘　　要：在研究三维激光扫描原理的基础上,对溶洞的激光探测方法进行了研究。针对复杂溶洞激光扫描点云数据,研究了点云数据最小距离准则与最大张角准则的精简算法、三维点云数据坐标变换与数据拼接原理。以张家界向家包2号铁路隧道溶洞为例,采用C-ALS探测系统对溶洞进行了三维激光探测,对获取的溶洞点云数据经过精简、转换坐标和拼接处理后,运用三维矿业软件Dimine建立了溶洞三维模型,在此基础上完成体积计算、关键位置平剖面输出,并重点研究了平行隧道、垂直隧道及沿溶洞延伸三个主要方向上溶洞与隧道工程的三维空间位置关系,得出了不同剖面上溶洞与隧道的直线距离。研究结果对指导隧道路线规划、安全施工具有重要工程意义。Based on the investigation of working principle of 3D laser scanner, laser detection methods for karst cave were discussed. Aiming at the point cloud data of complex karst cave obtained from laser scanning, the simplified algorithm for the minimum distance and the maximum angle, 3D coordinate transformation for the point data and data splicing theory were all studied. After that, No2 railway tunnel in Zhangjiajie Xiangjiabao that is running through a karst cave was taken as an example for analysis. The C-ALS detection system was adopted to scan karst cave with 3D laser. After the data reduction, coordinate transformation and data splicing for the obtained point cloud data, a 3D model was created with the mining software of Dimine. Using the 3D model, the volume calculation and output of the sectional plane of critical positions have been conducted. Based on the investigation on the spatial relationships between cave and tunnel in three-dimensional directions perpendicular and parallel to the tunnels, as well as along extension of the cave, the linear distances between the tunnel and cave on the different sectional plane were finally obtained. This study result is of important significance in guiding the future tunnel route olannin,, and safe construction.

关 键 词：三维激光扫描 C-ALS探测系统 溶洞 点云处理 安全分析 

分 类 号：TD17[矿业工程—矿山地质测量]