王阳明“以心解佛”及其诠释学省察  

On Wang Yangming's “explaining Buddhism with conscience” and its thoughts and conduct

作　　者：陆永胜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学哲学系,江苏南京210023 [2]贵阳学院阳明学与地方文化研究中心,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《中南大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第4期43-52,共10页Journal of Central South University：Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"明代黔中王学外王化研究"(12CZX030);教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区青年项目"王阳明美学思想研究"(12XJC720001);贵州省人文社科规划项目"王阳明的审美世界"(11GZQN30);孔学堂2015年研究项目"阳明学与中国当代文化建设"(kxtyb201504)

摘　　要：学术界对阳明心学与佛教的关系探究已久,综其观点大致有二:内在义理判教即摄佛说和外在态度判教即斥佛说。但立足于阳明的心学立场,其"以心解佛"为我们呈现出一种不同于以往儒佛关系的认知图式。王阳明对佛教本体的肯定式诠释、对佛教功夫的否定式诠释、对佛教境界的二次误读与真实佛教之间存在着实质性差异,这种差异的本质意义在于揭示出阳明心学与佛教的根源性差异。阳明之佛教图式的建构不仅有其佛教心学化的影响,也有社会、政治、道统等因素的影响。因此,阳明"以心解佛"既是一个哲学命题、诠释学命题,也是一个社会学、政治学命题。Scholars have researching the relation of Yangming’ philosophy and Buddhism for a long time, and their viewpoints may be summarized in two types. One is Yangming philosophy absorbing Buddhist theory, and the other is Yangming rebuking Buddhism. Different from the above viewpoints, the essay contends that Wang Yangming explains Buddhism with conscience and constructs a new Buddhist schemata which is essentially different from real Buddhism. That is, there is material difference between Wang Yangming’ philosophy and Buddhism. Based on Yangming’ Buddhist schemata, we know that Buddhist Ontology is what it is not, that Buddhist Gongfu is not what it is, and that Buddhist realm is misunderstood twice. The explanatory result is rooted not only in Yangming’ philosophy, but also in society, politics and Confucian orthodoxy in Ming Dynasty. So, Wang Yangming’s “explaining Buddhism with conscience” is not only a philosophy and textualist proposition, but also a sociology and politics proposition.

关 键 词：王阳明 以心解佛 诠释 佛教图式 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]