基于Kriging法的挖掘机驾驶室减振器性能参数优化  

Performance parameter optimization of excavator cab shock absorbers based on Kriging method

作　　者：刘磊[1,2] 周以齐[1,2] 米永振 卢丹[1] 陈跃彪 

机构地区：[1]山东大学机械工程学院,山东济南250061 [2]山东大学高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室,山东济南250061

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第5期497-503,共7页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAH09B03);济南市科技重大专项(201208003)

摘　　要：针对挖掘机驾驶室内噪声抑制问题,建立了挖掘机整机的有限元模型,通过驾驶室减振器性能参数的优化,实现了驾驶员耳旁噪声声压级曲线上的多个峰值及总声压级的降低.其中,采用拉丁超立方法对减振器参数刚度和阻尼设计试验,仿真计算得到样本点后建立Kriging代理模型;以耳旁声压级曲线上多个峰值频率处的声压级为目标函数、以减振器性能参数为优化变量,通过NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法进行优化并得到相应的Pareto前沿.选定减振器性能参数最佳组合再次代入有限元模型中仿真计算,结果表明:通过优化减振器性能参数降低驾驶员耳旁噪声峰值频率处声压级和总声压级的方法可行,挡风玻璃处、座椅处地板及仪表盘处为代表的观测点的振动噪声性能也有改善.To solve the problem of restraining noise in excavator cab,the FEM model of whole excavator was established,and the performance parameters of cab shock absorbers were optimized to reduce the sound pressure level（ SPL） peaks and the overall SPL at driver right ear（ DRE）. Based on the sample points from Latin Hypercube experiment of stiffness / damping parameters of shock absorbers,the Kriging surrogate model was constructed. The Pareto front was obtained by NSGA- Ⅱgenetic optimization algorithm with several SPL peaks as objective functions and performance parameters of shock absorbers as variables. The FEM simulations were re-analyzed by the optimum combination of performance parameters.The results indicate that it is practicable to decrease the SPL peaks and the overall SPL at DRE by adjusting performance parameters of cab shock absorbers. The vibration noise performance at the representative places of the windshield,the floor under seats and the dashboard are also improved.

关 键 词：减振器 参数优化 试验设计 Kriging代理模型 耳旁噪声 

分 类 号：U415.51[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]