江苏省启东市农村地区老年性黄斑变性流行病学调查分析  

The prevalence of age-related macular degeneration in the rural area of Qidong County, Jangsu Province

作　　者：汪颖[1] 管怀进[1] 陆宏[1] 张国伟[1] 薛莹[1] 陈佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学附属医院眼科中心,226500

出　　处：《中华眼底病杂志》2015年第5期459-461,共3页Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

摘　　要：目的调查分析江苏省启东市农村地区50岁及以上人群中老年性黄斑变性（AMD）的患病率及其影响因素。方法整群抽样法随机抽取7个村，根据户口登记信息，采用逐户走访方式进行严格检录登记，同时获取受检者受教育状态和相关危险因素信息，共计3644人。常规行视力、裂隙灯显微镜、免散瞳眼底照相检查。视力检查为改良E字母Bailey-Lovie最小分辨角对数视力表。AMD诊断依据年龄相关性眼病研究组制定的分类标准。行×列表矿检验，分析性别、烟酒史、全身疾病史与AMD的相关性。结果实际受检者2985人，受检率为81．92％。AMD97例136只眼，患病率3．25％。其中，早期71例105只眼，占受检者2．38％；晚期26例31只眼，占受检者0．87％。晚期者中渗出性病变9例13只眼，占受检者0．30％。男性32例，占男性受检者3．11％；女性65例，占女性受检者3．32％。不同性别AMD患病率比较，差异无统计学意义（x2^=0．29，P〉0．05）。相关性分析结果显示，长期吸烟（x^2-15．19）及合并高血压、心脑血管疾病（x^2=81．50）与AMD相关（P〈0．05）。结论江苏省启东市农村地区50岁及以上人群AMD患病率为3．25％；AMD发生与长期吸烟及合并高血压、心脑血管疾病相关。Objective To study the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration （AMD） in the population aged 50 and over in Qidong County of Jangsu Province. Methods 3644 individuals from 4 villages were randomly selected by clustering sampling method, according to the household registration information and door to door visits. Visual acuity was measured by modified Bailey-Lovie E logMAR chart. The examination of eyelids, cornea, lens and fundus were also carried out. The diagnosis of AMD was made according to the clinical hierarchy system by Age-Related Eye Diseases Study. 2 test was used to analyze the prevalence of AMD and its related factors. Results Among 3644 selected individuals, 2985 individuals received examination with a participating rate of 81.92%. In total 97 patients （136 eyes） had AMD with a prevalence rate of 3.25%. Among them, 71 patients （105 eyes） had early stage of AMD （2.38%）; 26 patients （31 eyes） had late stage of AMD （0.87%）. In these late stage patients, there were 9 patients （13 eyes） of exudative lesions （0.30%）. There were 32 male （3.11%） and 65 female （3.32%） patients. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female prevalence （x^2 = 0.29, P〉0.05）. Correlation analysis results showed that the long-term smoking （Z2= 15.19） and heart cerebrovascular disease （x^2 =81.50） was associated with AMD （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The prevalence rate of AMD is 3.25% in the residents aged 50 and above in the rural area of Qidong County, Jangsu Province. Long-term smoking, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease are the risk factors of AMD.

关 键 词：黄斑变性/流行病学 黄斑变性/诊断 黄斑变性/病因学 数据收集 

分 类 号：R774.5[医药卫生—眼科]