机构地区:[1]山西省儿童医院外科,太原030013 [2]山西省儿童医院放射科,太原030013
出 处:《中华小儿外科杂志》2015年第9期698-701,共4页Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery
摘 要:目的评价肛门直肠畸形直肠前庭瘘患儿的盆底肌形态及预后。方法选取2013年4月至2014年4月收治的肛门直肠畸形直肠前庭瘘患儿20例,及同期非肛门直肠畸形女婴10例(对照组),年龄3~6月龄,所有患儿于入院时行腰骶椎X线平片、钡剂灌肠造影和盆底肌及脊髓的MRI检查,测量2组患儿肛门括约肌、耻骨直肠肌和提肛肌厚度,并计算直肠前庭瘘患儿骶骨率。2例患儿合并脊髓栓系,3例合并直肠及乙状结肠扩张。结果对照组左、右侧肛门括约肌厚度分别为(1.58±0.12)mm和(1.57±0.14)mm,左、右耻骨直肠肌厚度分别为(1.47±0.13)mm和(1.45±0.09)mm,左、右提肛肌厚度分别为(1.75±0.18)mm和(1.72±0.22)mm,左、右比较,差异均无统计学意义。患儿组左、右提肛肌厚度分别为(1.53±0.37)mm和(1.53±0.29)mm,与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义。患儿组左、右侧肛门括约肌厚度分别为(1.32±0.39)mm和(1.21±0.35)mm,左、右侧耻骨直肠肌厚度分别为(1.18±0.33)mm和(1.06±0.35)mm,均较对照组变薄。Spearman秩相关分析表明,患儿组骶骨率0.69±0.15与双侧肛门括约肌(左:r=0.361,P=0.118;右:r=0.150,P=0.527)、耻骨直肠肌(左:r=-0.032,P=0.893;右:r=0.096,P=0.689)及提肛肌(左:r=-0.082,P=0.732;右:r=-0.034,P=0.852)的厚度均无相关关系。术后4例存在排便困难,其中1例合并脊髓栓系,3例合并直肠及乙状结肠扩张,其余患儿排便功能正常。结论正常情况下双侧肛门括约肌、耻骨直肠肌和提肛肌对称分布。肛门直肠畸形直肠前庭瘘患儿提肛肌厚度与正常无明显差别,肛门括约肌和耻骨直肠肌厚度较正常薄,但并不会影响排便控制。肛门括约肌、耻骨直肠肌及提肛肌发育与骶骨发育无相关关系。Objective To evaluate the morphology of pelvic muscle in infants with rectovestibular fistula. Methods A total of 20 infants with rectovestibular fistula aged 3-5 months received the examinations of radiology, barium enema and pelvic floor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The follow-up period was 1 year. Two infants were complicated by tethord cord syndrome. Three infants were complicated by dilations of rectum and sigmoid colon. There were 10 girls aged 3- 6 months in control group. Results In control group, no difference existed between the thickness of bilateral external anal sphincter [left: (1.58 ± 0. 12)mm, right: (1.57 ± 0. 14)mm], puborectalis [left: (1.47 ± 0. 13) mm, right: (1.45 ± 0. 09) mm], ani levator [left: ( 1.75 ± 0. 18) mm, right: (1.72 ± 0. 22)mm]. The thickness of bilateral external anal sphincter [left: (1.32 ± 0. 39)mm, right: (1.21 ± 0.35)mm], puborectalis [left: (1.18 ± 0.33) mm, right: (1.06 ± 0.35) mm] in infants with rectovestibular fistula were thinner than those in control group. The thickness of bilateral ani levator (left:1.53± 0.37 mm, right: 1.53 ± 0. 29 ram)in infants with rectovestibular fistula showed no difference from control group. Spearman's rank correlation analysis indicated sacral ratio (0. 69 ± 0. 15) had no correlation with the thickness of external anal sphincter(left: r = 0. 361, P = 0. 118; right: r = 0. 150, P = 0. 527), puborectalis(left: r = - 0. 032, P = 0. 893 , right: r = 0. 096, P = 0. 689) and ani levator(left: r = -0. 082, P = 0. 732; right: r = -0. 034, P = 0. 852). And the postoperative complications included difficult defecation (n = 4), tethord cord syndrome (n = 1) and dilations of rectum and sigmoid colon (n = 3). Conclusions External anal sphincter, puborectalis and ani levator are bilaterally symmetric in healthy infants. Ani levator is normal in infants with rectovestibular fistula. External anal sphincter and puborectalis
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