基于新型监测资料对2013年7月4日的暴雨多尺度特征分析  

Analysis of the Multi-scale Characteristics of a Rainstorm on July 4 Based on New Monitoring Data

作　　者：苗爱梅[1] 王洪霞[1] 李苗 郝振荣[3] 逯张禹[4] 

机构地区：[1]山西省气象台,太原030006 [2]山西省气象服务中心,太原030002 [3]山西省气象信息中心,太原030006 [4]山西省农业科学院农业科技信息研究所,太原030006

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第26期184-199,共16页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目"基于GIS的极端气象灾害预警与评估集成系统"(20090311083);"山西省粮食安全气象保障预报服务系统"(20100311130-1);中国气象局预报员专项"2013年7月山西暴雨过程对比分析"(CMAYBY2014-007);山西省气象局领军人才项目"山西强对流天气客观化概念模型的建立与应用"(SXKLJYB20130701)

摘　　要：为了更好地认识山西暴雨的形成机制,利用红外辐射亮温、多普勒雷达和气柱水汽总量等资料,对2013年7月3—4日发生在山西境内的强对流暴雨进行多尺度特征分析。结果表明:(1)700、850 h Pa暖切变线是暴雨发生的α中尺度触发系统,自动站极大风速风场切变线和气旋性涡旋是强对流暴雨发生的β中尺度触发系统,γ中尺度气旋是大暴雨产生的直接影响系统。(2)在700 h Pa与850 h Pa切变线之间,对流云团在自动站极大风速风场切变线、中尺度涡旋附近的合并与发展,是导致暴雨中心多次雨峰的主要原因。(3)-53℃的冷云盖超前40 d Bz以上的雷达组合反射率、-53℃的冷云盖几何中心与雷达组合反射率≥45 d Bz的区域相重叠,分别是阳城辽河第1次和第2次雨峰云的垂直结构特征。In order to better recognize the formation mechanism of rainstorm in Shanxi Province, based on infrared radiation bright temperature, Doppler radar data and total air column water vapor content data, the multi-scale characteristics of a strong convectional rainstorm occurred in Shanxi on July 3-4 of 2013 wereanalyzed. The results showed that：（1） while the warm shear lines on 700 hPa and 850 hPa were meso-α scaletriggering systems, the shear lines of extreme wind of automatic stations and cyclonic vortex were the meso-βscale systems which jointly acted to trigger the strong convectional rainstorm. And the meso-γ scale cyclonedirectly led to the heavy storm.（2） Between the shear lines on 700 hPa and 850 hPa, the cloud clustersemerged and developed near shear lines of extreme wind of automatic stations and cyclonic vortex, which directly resulted in multiple rainfall peaks of rainstorm center.（3） The vertical structure of the cloud broughtYangcheng Liaohe the first rainfall peak was the cold cloud top at a lower temperature threshold（-53℃） which was ahead of the area where the radar reflectivity was more than 40 dBz, while the cloud that caused the secondrainfall peak in Yangcheng Liaohe had a vertical structure that the geometric center of the cold cloud top overlapped the region where the radar reflectivity was greater than or equal to 45 dBz.

关 键 词：大暴雨 多尺度特征 γ中尺度气旋 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]