美国特殊儿童受教育权的立法保护及启示——以“宾州智力不足儿童协会案”和“米尔斯案”为中心  

Legal Protection on the Right to Receive Education for American Exceptional Children and Its Implications:Take the Pennsylvania Case and the Mills Case as the Center

作　　者：荣霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京特殊教育职业技术学院社科部,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《江苏经贸职业技术学院学报》2015年第4期55-59,共5页Journal of Jiangsu Institute of Commerce

摘　　要：美国1787年宪法没有关于教育的条款。由于历史和文化的原因,少数族裔和残疾人的受教育权利长期缺乏法律保护。在20世纪中期民权运动的推动下,美国重新审视教育公平问题。1971年的"宾州智力不足儿童协会案"和1972年的"米尔斯案"是推动美国社会认可残疾人受教育权利的两个重要法律诉讼,推动了美国的国家立法。1975年美国国会立法,确立了残疾人的受教育权。There is no clause about education in the United States constitution of 1787. Due to the reason of history and culture, the ethnic minorities and the disabled＇ s educational right were short of legal protection for a long time. Driven by the civil right movement in 1950＇s, the U.S. reviews the problem of educational fairness. The case happened in Pa. in 1971 and the Mills case in 1972 are two important lawsuits that made American society recognize the educational right for the disabled, which also promote the legislation in the United States. Finally, the US congress ensured the educational right for the disabled in 1975.

关 键 词：美国 特殊教育 权利 立法 

分 类 号：K712[历史地理—历史学]