陕西省主产蔬菜中重金属污染调查及评价  

Survey and evaluation of heavy metal in the major vegetables in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：聂晓玲[1] 程国霞[1] 王敏娟[1] 王彩霞[1] 杜可军[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心理化检验室,西安710054 [2]第四军医大学预防系劳动与环境卫生学教研室

出　　处：《卫生研究》2015年第5期775-779,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.81230063)

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省市售10种主产蔬菜中铅、镉、汞、砷污染状况。方法全省共采集样品307份。利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定铅、镉的含量,利用氢化物原子荧光法测定砷的含量,利用测汞仪直接测定汞的含量,采用单项污染指数及综合污染指数评价不同蔬菜中铅、镉、汞、砷的污染状况,并对陕西省居民通过蔬菜摄入上述重金属的人体健康风险进行描述。结果豇豆中铅的含量到达警戒线水平,镉、汞、砷含量在安全范围内,其余9种蔬菜中铅、镉、汞、砷的含量均在安全值范围内,4种重金属超标率依次为汞>铅>镉>砷。结论陕西省10种主产蔬菜中铅、镉、汞、砷的污染程度较低。Objective To evaluate the contamination condition of the Pb,Cd,Hg and As in ten kinds of vegetables in Shaanxi Province. Methods The Pb and Cd contents were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,and the As contents were determined by hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry,and the Hg contents were determined by mercury vapourmeter. One factor contamination index was employed to evaluate the metal pollution situation of different types of vegetables.Moreover,the health risk after intake of those heavy metals through vegetables were described. Results In ten kinds of vegetables of Shaanxi Province,the Pb contents in cowpea reached the alertness level,while the contents of Cd,Hg and As were below the safety level. What＇s more,the contents of the Pb,Cd,Hg and As were below the safety level in other nine vegetables,and the over standard rate of were Hg 〉Pb 〉Cd 〉As.Conclusion The contamination extents of Pb,Cd,Hg and As in ten kinds of vegetables in Shaanxi Province were low.

关 键 词：蔬菜 重金属 污染 

分 类 号：R155.54[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] TS207.51[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]