黑河流域中下游全境地表-地下水耦合模型与应用  

Coupling surface-groundwater model and application in Heihe River Basin

作　　者：朱金峰[1,2] 王忠静[1,3] 郑航[1,3] 鲁学纲 齐桂花[5] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,北京100084 [2]水利部水文局,北京100053 [3]清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084 [4]黑河水资源与生态保护研究中心,甘肃兰州730000 [5]甘肃省水利厅讨赖河流域水资源管理局,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2015年第9期2820-2826,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(91125018);水利部公益性行业专项(201401031)

摘　　要：耦合概念性水资源评价与规划模型WEAP和分布式地下水模型MODFLOW,建立需求驱动的黑河流域中下游全境地表-地下水耦合模型,并利用地表水文站点和地下水观测点数据进行模型率定.结果表明,率定期和验证期地表水模拟的纳氏系数〉0.7,地下水位模拟的均方根残差〈0.80m.应用模型对流域历史水循环反演模拟表明,黑河干流（黑河东枝）2002-2012年水量统一调度使正义峡年均来流较原管理方式增加1.63亿m3（约18%）;讨赖河（黑河西枝）因人类活动改变了西部子水系河流水文情势,基本切断了与黑河干流下游尾闾水系的水力联系;黑河东西两枝人类活动和出山口径流变化共同影响着下游狼心山断面径流量,直接导致了居延海之前消失和现在的恢复.By coupling the conceptual water resources planning model WEAP and distributed groundwater model MODFLOW, the demand-based surface-groundwater model across the whole middle-down Heihe River Basin is developed. The hydrology gauge data and groundwater monitoring data are used for calibration and verification. For both the calibration and verification periods, the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficients （NSE） for surface water are above 0.7, and the Root Mean Square Errors （RMSE） for groundwater table are less than 0.80m. The modelling results show that the unified water resources management and operation in the mainstream （Eastern Heihe Basin） from 2002 to 2012 have increased the released water for downstream by 163million m3 （18%） annually. The human activities in the Taolai River （Western Heihe Basin） changed the river flow regime of the tributary, and blocked its hydraulic connections with downstream Heihe drainage. For both the east and west of Heihe River, the changes of discharges from the mountain and human activities contribute to the reduction of runoff through Langxinshan Gauge, downstream, which directly caused the disappearance times ago and recent restoration of the downstream Juyan Lake.

关 键 词：耦合模型 水循环 人类活动 水资源管理 黑河流域 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学]