负性情绪调节中认知重评和分心策略的作用:ERPs研究  

The Effect of Cognitive Reappraisal and Distraction in Regulating Negative Emotion: ERPs Study

作　　者：王敬欣[1] 王春梅[1] 谢芳[1] 常敏[1] 张阔[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300074 [2]南开大学社会心理学系,天津300071

出　　处：《心理科学》2015年第5期1039-1044,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(13JJD190005)的资助

摘　　要：采用事件相关电位技术，考察了认知重评和分心两种情绪调节策略对负性情绪体验和脑电活动的影响。结果发现，认知重评后被试的负性情绪体验强度和LPP波幅（300～1300ms）比简单注视条件下低；分心后被试的负性情绪体验强度比简单注视条件下低，但LPP波幅显示比简单注视条件下高。这说明认知重评和分心对负性情绪体验和脑电活动的影响不同，负性刺激再次呈现时认知重评优于分心策略的调节。该研究为认知重评和分心的比较研究提供了神经电生理学方面的证据。According to the process model of emotion regulation, emotion regulation refers to the processes by which we influence which emotions we have, when we have them, and how we experience and express them. Specific emotion regulation strategies can be differentiated along the timeline of the unfolding emotional response. Emotion regulation, especially for the regulation of negative stimuli, is an important cognitive function for humans to adapt to the environment. And reappraisal and distraction are generally considered as the effective cognitive emotion regulation strategies. They have attracted great much attention from researchers. Specifically, reappraisal involves cognitively changing one＇s interpretation of the affective meaning of a stimulus, and it has been shown to be effective in decreasing negative emotional responses, including self-reports of negative affect, peripheral physiological responses, and activation in brain regions related to the processing of negative emotion such as the amygdala and the frontal cortex. Distraction involves the use of selective attention to limit the extent to which the emotional stimuli are attended. Distraction also has been shown to be effective for reducing various kinds of negative affective responses. But several common problems still exist in the previous reports： （1） the cognitive emotion regulation processing activities are always messed with the emotional responses; （2） the attention on the emotional response is not enough when the same or similar negative stimuli appear again after regulation; （3） some research mainly uses the subjective method that the participants report their feeling by themselves to get the data. On that basis, herein we adopted the event-related potentials technique （ERPs）, separated the cognitive emotion regulation processing activities from the emotional response, and paid additional attention to the emotional responses when the same or similar negative stimulus appeared again after regulation. Fifteen participants of un

关 键 词：负性情绪 情绪调节 认知重评 分心 事件相关电位(ERPs) 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]