渭河流域浮游植物功能群与环境因子的关系  

Relationship between Phytoplankton Functional Groups and Environmental Factors in the Wei River Basin

作　　者：闵文武[1] 王培培[1] 李丽娟[1] 殷旭旺[1] 刘麟菲 徐宗学[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2015年第9期1397-1406,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279005)

摘　　要：为分析渭河流域不同水期浮游植物的时空分布特征,于丰水期(2012年9月)和枯水期(2013年4月)对渭河流域浮游植物群落结构和水环境理化特征进行了野外调查,基于Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数以及MRPP(多响应置换过程)、浮游植物功能群划分、CCA(典范对应分析)等方法,分析浮游植物群落的组成和空间结构特征.结果表明:丰水期和枯水期渭河全流域分别鉴定出浮游植物165和175种;各采样点浮游植物物种密度平均值分别为1.07×106和1.85×106L-1;ShannonWiener多样性指数平均值分别为2.98和2.74;Pielou均匀度指数平均值分别为0.40和0.37.全流域共划分出浮游植物功能群23类,其中,丰水期20类,枯水期21类,均以MP功能群物种数最多;代表性功能群为MP、D、Lo和J.MRPP分析结果显示,丰水期和枯水期全流域浮游植物群落结构都具有较明显的空间差异.CCA结果显示,渭河水系丰水期浮游植物群落结构的主要驱动因子为ρ(DO)和ρ(TN),枯水期为流速、ρ(TN)和ρ(CODMn);泾河水系丰水期为ρ(SS)、流速和ρ(TN),枯水期为流速和ρ(TN);北洛河水系丰水期为ρ(TDS),枯水期为ρ(DO)和ρ(TP).As an effective biological indicator,phytoplankton is widely used to assess the ecological status of surface waters over the long term. The community structure and spatial and temporal distributions of phytoplankton reflect the environmental characteristics. The objective of this study was to show the relationship between the community structure of phytoplankton and associated environmental factors based on Shannon-Wiener index,Pielou index,multi-response permutation procedures,classification of phytoplankton functional group and canonical correspondence analysis and other methods in Wei River Basin in September 2012（ wet season） and April 2013（ dry season）. A total of 165 and 175 species in wet and dry seasons were identified,dominated by Bacillariophyta,followed by Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta. In wet season,the average values of phytoplankton densities,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index were 1. 07 × 106L- 1,2. 98 and 0. 40,however,in dry season,they were 1. 85 × 106L- 1,2. 74 and 0. 37,respectively. Twenty-three functional groups,including 20 groups in the wet season and 21 groups in the dry season,were classified in the Wei River Basin. MP was the largest functional group among the representative phytoplankton functional groups（ MP,D,Lo and J）. Multi-response permutation procedures showed that the phytoplankton community structure and spatial distribution had a significant spatial heterogeneity between the wet and dry seasons. Canonical correspondence analysis results showed that the phytoplankton community structure was largely determined by the interactions between dissolved oxygen（ DO） and total nitrogen（ TN） in the wet season in Wei River. On the contrary,velocity,TN and Permanganate index（ CODMn） were the main environmental factors limiting phytoplankton community structurein the dry season. In Jing River,the primary environmental factors limiting phytoplankton community were suspended solids（ SS）,velocity and TN during the wet season,while velocity and TN were the main fac

关 键 词：渭河流域 浮游植物 功能群 环境因子 丰水期 枯水期 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]