大鼠全基因组微卫星分布特征研究  

Distribution Characteristics of Microsatellites in the Rat Genome

作　　者：涂飞云[1] 刘晓华[1] 杜联明[2] 严超超 黄晓凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院,江西南昌330013 [2]四川大学生命科学学院/四川省濒危野生动物保护生物学重点实验室,四川成都610064

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2015年第4期708-711,共4页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：江西省科技计划项目(20123BBF60183);江西省科技成果重点转移转化计划(20142BBI90043);江西省林业科学研究院博士基金启动项目(2013521601);江西省科研院所基础设施配套项目(20151BBA13037)

摘　　要：大鼠（Rattus norvegicus）一直是医学和药学研究中良好的模式生物,其全基因组是继人和小鼠之后第3个被测定的哺乳动物。利用生物信息学软件对大鼠全基因组1~6 bp不同类型重复微卫星进行搜索及统计,表明大鼠全基因组微卫星序列共1 483 525个,其序列长度占全基因组的1.41%。大鼠全基因组微卫星分布频率以12号染色体最高,其次是10号染色体,最低的是X性染色体。大鼠微卫星数量与染色体DNA序列长度具有相关性（r=0.978,P〈0.000 1）,微卫星分布具有随机性。大鼠全基因组不同重复类型微卫星表现为二碱基（46.9%）〉单碱基（22.6%）〉四碱基（17.7%）〉三碱基（8.4%）〉五碱基（2.4%）〉六碱基（2.0%）,单碱基、二碱基、三碱基、四碱基、五碱基、六碱基优势微卫星类型分别是A、AC、AGG、AAAC、AAACA、ACAGAG。本研究为大鼠全基因组微卫星筛选及进一步的研究提供数据支持。Rat has been treated as a good model organism in studies on medicine and pharmacy.The ge-nome of Rattus norvegicus is the only sequenced mammal genome besides human and mouse.Microsatellites of the entire genome in R.norvegicus were searched using bioinformatics software in this study.A total of 1 483 525 simple sequence repeats（ SSRs） with 1~6 bp nucleotide motifs were identified,occuping 1.41%of the genome.The highest frequency was observed in chromosome 12,followed by that in chromosome 10,and the lowest values of frequency was found in chromosome X.Highly positive correlation was observed between chro-mosome length and its SSR counts in the rat genome（r=0.978,P〈0.000 1）,reflecting random distribution of SSRs in R.norvegicus.The proportion of each type of SSRs from R.norvegicus genome was showed as follows：di-nucleotide（46.9%）,monnucleotide（22.6%）,tetranucleotide（17.7%）,trinucleotide（8.4%）,pentanucleotide （2.4%）,hexanucleotide（2.0%）.The dominant SSRs in monnucleotide,dinucleotide,trinucleotide,tetranucle-otide,pentanucleotide and hexanucleotide were A,AC,AGG,AAAC,AAACA and ACAGAG,respectively.The study provides the data support for SSRs selection and further research of the rat.

关 键 词：大鼠 基因组 微卫星序列 

分 类 号：S865.12[农业科学—野生动物驯养]