生态文明视野下长江中下游湿地生态承载力评价  

Ecological carrying capacity assessment of wetlands in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River from a new perspective of promoting ecological civilization

作　　者：崔胜玉 王红瑞[1] 鲁婷婷[1] 李爱华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《人民长江》2015年第17期87-92,107,共7页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279006)

摘　　要：在生态文明视野下,提出了区域生态承载力新内涵,创建了人地系统耦合协调模型及状态空间模型,从生态支撑力、资源能源消耗压力以及环境污染排放压力3个方面构建生态文明视野下长江中下游湿地区域生态承载力评价体系,并选取2010年数据进行定量评价。研究表明:(1)研究区德安县、湖口县、南县以及永修县4个县市为超载失调区,新建县等10县市为可载失调区,进贤县及武汉等10个县市为可载较协调区,安庆县等15个县市为微超载较协调区;(2)生态承载力超载失调区域全部位于洞庭湖湿地区与鄱阳湖湿地区,而可载失调区域则比较分散,基本位于长江干流湿地区以及鄱阳湖湿地区东部;(3)利用SEPI模型分析,洞庭湖、鄱阳湖湿地区、江汉湖群湿地区以及长江下游干流湿地区县市经济社会压力的特点都是偏重环境污染。综合以上分析结果,提出了发展建议。In the view of ecological civilization construction, a new connotation of regional ecological carrying capacity is pro-posed, the evaluation system of ecological carrying capacity of the wetland in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River is constructed from three aspects of ecological support force, pressure of resources and energy consumption and pressure of environ-ment pollution discharge, a state space model and a human and natural coupled system model are established, so as to evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of the wetland in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River in 2010 quantitatively. The re-sults indicate that：（1） four counties including De＆#39;an, Jinxian, Nanxian and Yongxiu are overload and imbalance areas, 10 coun-ties such as Xinjian etc. are carrying but imbalanced areas, 10 counties such Jinxian, Wuhan etc. are carrying and comparatively balanced areas, 15 counties or cities such as Anqing etc. are slight overload and comparatively balanced areas. （2） All the over-load and imbalanced areas are located in the wetland areas of Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake while the ecological carrying but imbalanced areas are dispersed, which are located in the wetland area of Yangtze River stem and the eastern area of Poyang Lake wetland area. （3） The social and economic pressure characteristics of the counties in wetland area of Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, Jianghan Lake group and middle and lower Yangtze River wetlands are pollution pressure. Based the analysis results, the development suggestions are put forward.

关 键 词：湿地 生态承载力 生态文明建设 长江中下游 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]