三亚市蜈支洲岛海岸侵蚀与沉积的定量分析  

Quantitative analysis of coastal erosion and deposition on Wuzhizhou Island of Sanya City

作　　者：张晓浩[1] 黄华梅[1] 吴秋生 娄全胜[1] 杨帆[1] 刘辉 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海海洋工程勘察与环境研究院,广东广州510300 [2]Department of Geography, University of Cincinnati [3]中国海监南海航空支队,广东广州510300

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2015年第5期51-56,共6页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201205040;201405007;201505008);国家海洋局青年海洋科学基金(20124140;2012409);国家海洋局南海分局海洋科学技术局长基金(1256;1260)

摘　　要：传统的海岸侵蚀和沉积信息的获取多以实地测量为主,且多用一维或二维指标来表示,缺少海岸形态变化的三维立体表达。利用中国海监南海航空支队获取的两个时期高密度机载激光雷达点云数据,构建了蜈支洲岛高精度的5m分辨率数字高程模型;在此基础上结合同步获取的航空影像生成了蜈支洲岛0.45m分辨率的数字正射影像,并对两期数字正射影像进行监督分类和叠置分析,提取出发生海岸侵蚀与沉积的区域;这些侵蚀与沉积区域基本上交替出现在砂质海岸附近。结合蜈支洲岛两期数字高程模型,提取了12个海岸侵蚀与沉积对象多边形的典型几何属性、形状属性、表面属性和体积属性,如面积、周长、紧凑系数、平均坡度差、平均坡向差、平均曲率差、总体积变化等。分析结果实现了海岸形变的立体多角度表达,为海岸带资源的管理和控制规划提供新的研究方法。Traditionally, information on coastal erosion and deposition is acquired by field surveying, using one-dimensional (1D) or 2D indices, not 3D expression of coastal morphology change. This article shows 5-m resolution high-precision DEMs (digital elevation models ) on Wuzhizhou Island using two periods of airborne Lidar point cloud data acquired by the South China Sea Airborne Detachment of China Marine Surveillance. In combination with synchronously acquired aerial images, 0.45m resolution DOMs (digital orthophoto maps) are created for this area based on the above DEM models. We also execute supervised classification and overlay analysis using DOMs to extract information on coastal erosion and deposition. These erosion and deposition patches appear alternately near the sandy coast. Combining DEMs and coastal erosion/deposition object polygons, we extract geometry, shape, surface, and volume attributes of these 12 polygons, such as area, perimeter, compact index, average slope difference, average aspect difference, average curvature difference, total volume change, etc. The analysis results provide 3D multi-view expression of coastal morphology change, aiming to offer a new research method for coastal resources management and planning.

关 键 词：激光雷达 蜈支洲岛 海岸侵蚀与沉积 定量分析 

分 类 号：P737[天文地球—海洋地质]