2013-2014年湖州市婴幼儿病毒性腹泻病原学分析  

Etiological study on viral diarrhea among infants and young children in Huzhou from 2013 to 2014

作　　者：曹芳芳[1] 沈樟[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省湖州市中医院,浙江湖州313000 [2]浙江省湖州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第19期3515-3517,3527,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的掌握湖州市病毒性腹泻的疫情及引起病毒性腹泻不同病原体的流行特征,为湖州市有效预防和及时控制腹泻提供可靠依据。方法收集2013年5月-2014年4月就诊于湖州市中医院5岁以下腹泻患儿的粪便标本426份。用ELISA方法检测人轮状病毒,阳性标本选用巢式PCR进行G血清型和P基因分型;人杯状病毒、星状病毒和肠道腺病毒用RT-PCR或PCR方法检测。结果 426份标本中178份(41.78%)至少检出4种病毒中的一种。其中人轮状病毒阳性率最高,(18.78%),其次为人杯状病毒(15.73%),肠道腺病毒和星状病毒检出率较低,分别为3.99%和3.29%。轮状病毒G血清型中以G3型(38.75%)为主,其次是G1型(22.50%),P基因型中以P[8]型(66.25%)为主,其次是P[4](13.75%),G3P[8]为最常见的G血清型与P基因型组合,占22.5%,其次为G1P[8]占13.75%。结论病毒性腹泻是本地区5岁以下婴幼儿急性腹泻比较常见的形式。其中以轮状病毒引起腹泻为主,G3P[8]为主要流行株。长期的系统监测对疫情预防和控制的具有重要意义。Objective To investigate the state of epidemic situation of infantile viral diarrhea and its epidemiological characteristics in Huzhou, and to provide the scientific basis for the Surveillance, control and prevention of infantile viral diarrhea. Methods The stool specimens and clinical data were collected from 426 children with acute diarrhea in Huzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2013 to April 2014. Human rotavirus was detected by using ELISA kit and typed by nested RT-PCR according to G serotype and P genotype. Human calicivirus and human astrovirus were done by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） while polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was employed to detect human enteric adenovirus. Results At least one of the four viral agents was found in the specimens （178/426）, accounting for 41.78%. Human rotavirus, human calicivirus, human astrovirus and human enteric adenovirus accounted for 18.78%, 15.73%, 3.29% and 3.99%, respectively. Rotavirus G3 （38.75%） was the most prevailing serotype followed by G1 （22.50%）. Within the P genotype, P[8] （66.25%） was the most common genotype, and the next was P[4] （13.75%）. The most common G-P combination was G3P[8] （22.50%）, which was followed by G1P[8] （13.75%）. Conclusion Viral diarrhea is the most common cause in infants and young children with acute diarrhea. Human rotavirus is the major pathogen contributing to the acute diarrhea. The predominant rotavirus strain is G3P[8]. The long-term monitoring system has the vital significance to the epidemic prevention and control.

关 键 词：婴幼儿 病毒性腹泻 人轮状病毒 人杯状病毒 

分 类 号：R15[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]