丧礼临终之仪与周代遗训遗言——以《尚书·顾命》、春秋“遗训”及清华简《保训》为中心  

Funeral Etiquette and Ritual of the Dying and the Last Testament in the Zhou Dynasty——Taking SHANGSHU·GUMING,the Last Testament in the Chunqiu Dynasty,and BAOXUN for Examples

作　　者：韩高年[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学文学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《西北师大学报（社会科学版）》2015年第5期31-37,共7页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"礼乐制度及其变迁与春秋文体源流演变研究"(09BZW020)

摘　　要：《尚书·顾命》、《左传》、《国语》及近出清华简《保训》等史料记载了周代的丧礼临终之仪,以及作为"礼文"的"遗训"与"遗言"。从《顾命》到《左传》等所载来看,丧礼临终之仪的实行有自上而下传播的趋势,较之《顾命》所载,春秋时代的遗训书面化、礼仪化特征逐渐减弱,口语化的特点比较突出。对比而言,清华简《保训》是春秋时人根据《顾命》拟写的文王遗训。The historical records and materials, including the Chinese ancient book SHANGSHU. GUMING, ZUOZHUAN, GUOYU, and BAOXUN in Tsinghua bamboo scripts, have recorded the funeral etiquette and ritual of the dying in the Zhou Dynasty, and the last testament in funeral articles. From the records of GUMING to ZUOZHUAN, the implement of the funeral etiquette and ritual of the dying has a tendency to spread from top to bottom. Compared with the records in GUMING, the colloquial characteristic in the Chunqiu Dynasty was more obvious while the written pattern and the ritual and etiquette of dying were inclining. In contrast, according to GUMING, BAOXUN in Tsinghua bamboo scripts was imitated by people in the Chunqiu Dynasty.

关 键 词：丧礼 临终之仪 周代 遗训 《顾命》 《保训》 

分 类 号：K221.04[历史地理—历史学] K225.04[历史地理—中国史]