桑沟湾农药残留及贝毒对海洋环境质量影响和主要食用贝类健康风险评估  

Effects of Pesticide Residues and Shellfish Toxin on Marine Ecological Environment Quality in Sanggou Bay and Health Risk Evaluation in Dietary Cultured Shellfish

作　　者：孙丕喜[1] 郝林华[1] 杜蓓蓓[1] 韩彬[1] 高春蕾[1] 张志新 连岩 田金玲 赵城南 孔昊明 李连森 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]山东省荣成市渔业技术推广站,山东威海264300

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2015年第1期81-91,共11页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项--黄渤海重点海域贝类养殖环境安全评价及其监控体系技术研究(200805031)

摘　　要：根据2009-04—2010-02隔月6个航次桑沟湾9个调查站位贝类养殖区有机氯（OCPs）、有机磷（OPPs）农药残留和麻痹性贝毒（PSP）的调查资料,分析了它们在该海域海水中、表层沉积物中和主要贝类（栉孔扇贝、太平洋牡蛎和菲律滨蛤仔）体内的含量水平,就农药残留及贝毒污染对海洋环境质量的影响进行综合评价和类别划分,并对主要食用贝类中农药残留和贝毒的暴露水平进行健康风险评估。结果表明,桑沟湾贝类养殖区海水质量、沉积物质量和养殖贝类质量水平范围为1~2级,平均分别为2级、1级和1级,养殖生态环境综合质量水平为2级;总体上,该海域海洋环境综合质量处于良好水平,贝类产区生态环境质量为1类区（清洁区）。即该海域农药残留及贝毒污染对海洋环境质量影响较小或无明显影响。另外,针对食用桑沟湾贝类水产品的消费人群进行了农药残留及贝毒污染的健康风险评估,结果表明调查人群食用贝类中OCPs中的HCHs和DDTs、OPPs中的马拉硫磷和甲基对硫磷、PSP的日摄入量分别为0.75,2.11,0.19,0.09和1.22μg/（人·d）,其摄入量低于ADI的推荐限值,因此桑沟湾主要食用贝类中农药残留及贝毒污染的健康风险处于安全范围。Based on the data of pesticide residues （OCPs, OPPs） and shellfish toxin （PSP） in 9 stations of Sanggou Bay from 6 environmental bimonthly surveys from April 2009 to February 2010, the contents of OCPs ,OPPs and PSP in seawater, surface sediment and cultured shellfish （Chlarnys farreri, Crassostrea gigas and Ruditapes philippinarum ） were analyzed, and the ecological environment quality of shellfish culture areas were synthetically assessed and classified. And the health risk of pesticide residues and shell- fish toxin in dietary shellfish was also evaluated. Results showed that the quality grades of seawater, sur- face sediment and cultured shellfish were grade 2, 1 and 1, respectively. On the average, the ecological en- vironment quality of shellfish culture areas ranked grade 2. Overall, the ecological environment quality in Sanggou Bay was good, and that of the shellfish culture areas ranked class 1 （clean area）, indicating that the pesticide residues and shellfish toxin in the shellfish areas have no or no obvious effects on marine envi- ronment quality. In addition, the evaluation on health risk of pesticide residues and shellfish toxin for the consumers was conducted. The estimated daily intakes （DI） of OCPs, OPPs and PSP in dietary shellfish for the coast residents were 0.75, 2.11, 0.19, 0.09 and 1.22 μg per person per day, respectively, which were lower than the corresponding acceptable daily intake （ADI） value based on JECFA recommendation. Therefore, the human health risks of pesticide residues and shellfish toxin pollution levels in dietary shell- fish were in a safe range.

关 键 词：桑沟湾 海洋环境质量 农药残留 麻痹性贝毒 食用贝类 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X145[环境科学与工程—环境科学]