实验神经现象学：神经现象学的方法论实践--以癫痫发作的预测研究为例  

Experimental Neurophenomenology asa Methodological Praxis of Neurophenomenology:Evidence from Epileptic Seizure Anticipation

作　　者：陈巍[1,2] 李恒威[2] 袁逖飞[3] 

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院心理学系,浙江绍兴312000 [2]浙江大学哲学系,浙江杭州310028 [3]南京师范大学脑认知实验与理论研究中心,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2015年第5期39-45,共7页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“认知科学对哲学的挑战--心灵与认知哲学重大理论问题研究”(项目编号:11&ZD187);中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目“现象学与神经科学对话中的他心问题研究”(项目编号:2014T70578);浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“神经现象学:整合脑与意识经验的认知科学哲学进路”(项目编号:15CBZZ02)

摘　　要：神经现象学认为只有在第一人称方法与第三人称方法之间形成一种"互惠约束"才能有效地考察主观体验与脑-神经活动之间的关系,从而推进认知科学的方法论革命。为了检验上述主张的意义,实验神经现象学以癫痫发作预测作为切入点,尝试在癫痫发作前患者的主观体验及其神经动力学变化之间架设起桥梁。研究发现,两者之间存在着一种特殊的"异质同形"关系。未来的实验神经现象学方案需要区分现象学还原与内省,平衡两种方法的地位,并反思其对心理物理学的超越性。Neurophenomenologists believe that only when a reciprocal constraint forms between the first-person and third-person methods can the relationship between subjective experience and brain activities be effectivelyinvestigated,and fundamental changes in methodology can bepromoted. As a methodological praxis of neurophenomenology, experimental neurophenomenology illustrates the efficiency of this approach in the field of epileptic seizure anticipation. Taking the pre-seizure of epilepsy as astarting point,experimental neurophenomenology tries to connect patients＇ subjective experience changes with their neural dynamic changes to testify the significance of the above statements. Research findings reveal that there is a specific relation of homeomorphism between the neuro-dynamic structure and pheno-dynamic structure. Future studies should discriminate between phenomenological reduction and introspection, balance the positions of the two methods in experimental protocols, and rethink about their transcendence over psychophysics.

关 键 词：实验神经现象学 方法论 互惠约束 癫痫发作预测 异质同形论 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]