清代八旗进士考论  

A Research and Comments on Jin-sin of the Eight Banners in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：程伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学教育研究院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第5期157-167,172,共11页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"中国科举通史"(项目编号:13JJD880010);中国高校基本科研业务费专项资金(批准号:2010221035)

摘　　要：清代自顺治九年首次录取八旗进士,共有102科次八旗进士考试,取中八旗进士1408名。八旗进士在不同时段分布的不平衡性,不仅反映了清廷对八旗子弟参加科举之于其统治厉害关系认识的变化,同时也曲折反映出旗人生活境遇、社会地位、人口数量,以及清代社会、政治、经济和军事等方面的变迁。八旗旗分与族别间进士分布的不平衡性,并非是完全自由竞争的结果;前者主要与八旗旗分间政治上的等级性及其人口因素有关,后者主要缘于清廷对八旗满洲和八旗蒙古照顾与优待的取士政策。Since the Eight Banners were first permitted to take imperial examination and be enrolled as Jin-sin in the ninth year of Shunzhi reign,i. e.,in1652,the examinations were hold 102 times and enrolled 1408 Jin-sin graduates in the Qing dynasty. The numbers of Eight Banners Jin-sin are serious imbalanced in various times,which not only reflects the changes of the Qing government realizing the importance of bannermen's imperial examation to their governace,but also reflects the transition of the life situation,social class,population numbers of bannermen and the social,political,economical,military affairs of the Qing Dynasty. Jin-sin distribution imbalance among Eight Banners and three ethnic isn't the result of free competition. The former relate to politics hierarchy and demographic factor among Eight Banners,the later mainly due to the favoured and preferential admission policy of the Qing government to Manchus and Mongols in Eight Banners.

关 键 词：清代 八旗进士 旗分 族别 分布特点 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]