家庭及同伴对武汉市青少年健康相关行为的影响  

Effects of family and peer support upon the stages of health-related behavior in adolescent

作　　者：方明珠[1] 许亮文[1] 黄仙红[1] 顾昉[2] 瞿旭平 许鸣[1] 骆湘香 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学医学院预防医学系浙江省重点科技创新团队,310036 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所 [3]中国人民政治协商会议杭州市上城区委员会

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2015年第9期810-816,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（71273079）;教育部人文社会学科研究规划基金项目（11YJA880128）

摘　　要：目的：分析武汉市青少年健康相关行为阶段现状及家庭、同伴支持情况。方法于2012年3—5月，按多阶段分层整群抽样原则，抽取武汉2个城区的初中和高中各2所为调查场所，以学校的初一、初二和高一、高二班级的共1200名学生为调查对象。调查其一般人口学情况、青少年健康相关行为、青少年健康相关行为变化阶段（前意向阶段、意向阶段、准备阶段、行动阶段、维持阶段）、青少年获得的家庭和同伴支持情况。本次调查共发放问卷1200份，剔除不合格问卷后，回收有效问卷1052份，有效回收率为87.67%。采用χ2检验比较不同健康相关行为的变化阶段情况，采用t检验比较不同组别间各行为的社会支持得分情况，采用方差分析和事后检验分析4种行为的社会支持得分情况。结果1052名学生中，初中生555名（52.8%），高中生497名（47.2%）；男生553名（52.6%），女生499名（47.4%）。体育锻炼和久坐行为中处于前意向阶段分别占42.2%（444/1200）和28.4%（299/1200）；高脂饮食中处于准备阶段和维持阶段共占46.7%（492/1200）；果蔬摄入中处于意向阶段的占32.9%（346/1200）；以上4种行为处于行动阶段的人数均较少，分别占6.2%（65/1200）、8.9%（94/1200）、14.0%（147/1200）和6.3%（66/1200）。体育锻炼、久坐行为和高脂饮食的同伴支持得分分别为（2.9±0.7）、（2.8±0.8）和（2.9±0.9）分，均高于家庭支持得分[（2.7±1.1）、（2.5±1.2）和（2.9±1.2）分]（t值分别-8.72、-11.22和-2.59，P值分别为〈0.001、〈0.001和0.010），果蔬摄入的家庭支持得分高于同伴支持[得分分别为（3.3±0.9）和（3.5±1.2）分，t=9.97，P〈0.001]。方差分析和事后比较显示，体育锻炼、高脂饮食、果蔬摄入行为中，家庭、同伴支持得分在行动后阶段高于行动前阶段；久坐行为中，家庭、同伴支持在各阶段间得分�Objective To investigate the stages of health-related behaviors , family and peer support situation about adolescent in Wuhan, and to provide evidence for health intervention and health promotion. Methods Based on the principle of multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, extracted two junior middle school and two high school in two cities in Wuhan from March 2012 to May. A total of 1 200 students, which were part of the first and second grade class in middle school and high school, toke as the investigation object. The study surveyed following content, including the demographic situation, adolescent health-related behavior （physical activity, sedentary behavior, high-fat diet behavior, fruit and vegetable intaking behavior）, stages of adolescent health related behavior （precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance） and adolescent support got from family and peer. The questionnaire was distributed in 1 200 copies, the valid questionnaires were 1 052 and the effective rate was 87.67%. Usingχ2 〈br〉 test to compare the different stages of change in health related behavior, t test was used to compare different groups of social support and using analysis of variance and post test to analyze social support of the four types behavior. Results In 1 052 students, there was 555 （52.8%） middle school students, 497 （47.2%） high school students, and 553 （52.6%） boys, 499 （47.4%） girls. In physical exercise and sedentary behavior, numbers of precontemplation was respectively accounting for 42.2%（444/1 200） and 28.4%（299/1 200）. In high-fat diet behavior, the stages of preparation and maintain was occupied 46.7%（492/1 200）. In fruit and vegetable intake behavior, there was 32.9%（346/1200） students in contemplation. Numbers in action stage was both less in the above four behavior, accounting for 6.2% （65/1 200）, 8.9% （94/1 200）, 14.0%（147/1 200） and 6.3%（66/1 200） separately. Adolescent peer support score respectively （2.9±0.7）,（2.8±0.8） a

关 键 词：青少年 健康行为 家庭支持 同伴支持 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]