覆膜和密度对宁南旱地马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Plastic Mulch and Different Densities on Potato Yield and Water Use Efficiency on Dry land of South Ningxia

作　　者：梁锦秀[1] 郭鑫年[1] 张国辉[1] 陈刚[1] 王西娜[2] 周涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院,银川750002 [2]宁夏大学,银川750021

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2015年第5期266-270,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"黄土高原雨养农田水分高效利用技术研究与示范"(201303104)

摘　　要：以庄薯3号为供试材料,采用大田试验,研究覆膜对不同栽培密度条件下土壤储水量、马铃薯产量构成、产量以及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:地膜覆盖可明显提高0—40,40—100cm土壤储水量,提高了马铃薯块茎产量(25.2%)和水分利用效率(28.0%);不论覆膜与否,适宜的马铃薯密度可提高马铃薯产量和水分利用效率,趋势为6.0万株/hm2>7.5万株/hm2>4.5万株/hm2,但地膜覆盖优于裸地。因此,在宁南旱地马铃薯覆膜栽培条件下密度为6.0万株/hm2时,能有效减少土壤水分消耗,同时实现马铃薯高产。The experiments were designed and implemented to investigate soil water storage under different planting densities,potato（ZHUANG3type）yield components,yield and water use efficiency under plastic mulch on dry land of south Ningxia.The result showed that mulching could significantly improve soil water storage in the depths of 0—40cm and 40—100cm,potato tuber yield（25.2%）and water use efficiency（28.0%）.Whether or not the mulch was used,potato production and water use efficiency increased with the increase of the density.The trend followed the density order 6.0×10^4 plants/hm^2〉7.5×10^4 plants/hm^2〉4.5×10^4 plants/hm^2.And the indicators of the mulching were better than no mulching.The conclusion of the experiment is that the optimal potato planting practice is mulching and density of 6.0×10^4 plants/hm^2,which can achieve high yield and soil water use efficiency in dry land.

关 键 词：覆膜 密度 马铃薯 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]