不同喂养方式对潍坊市婴幼儿牙颌发育影响的调查  

An investigation of the impacts of feeding type on the development of occlusion in Weifang children

作　　者：宿洪丽[1] 郭士强[1] 胥欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院附属医院口腔科.潍坊医学院口腔学院正畸教研室,261053

出　　处：《实用口腔医学杂志》2015年第5期704-706,共3页Journal of Practical Stomatology

基　　金：潍坊市科技局(编号:20121235)

摘　　要：目的：了解不同喂养方式及非营养性吮吸习惯对潍坊市儿童牙[牙合]发育的影响。方法：调查958名潍坊市3～5岁幼儿的牙[牙合]状况，追踪调查其出生12个月内喂养方式及是否有不良吮吸习惯。运用统计软件进行统计学分析。结果：有非营养性吮吸习惯的儿童和无习惯者错[牙合]畸形发生率分别为42％和22％（OR ＝1．86，CI ＝1．04－3．36，P ＝0．0002）；喂养方式对错[牙合]畸形影响差异无显著性（OR ＝1．28，CI ＝0．99－1．66，P ＝0．0567）；喂养方式对开[牙合]影响差异无显著性（OR ＝0．93，CI＝0．65－1．33，P ＝0．678）；有吮吸习惯儿童和无习惯者开[牙合]的发生率分别为17％和4％（OR ＝4．61，CI ＝2．69－7．92，P ＜0．0001）；奶瓶喂养和母乳喂养者后牙反[牙合]的发生率分别为11％和4％（OR ＝2．54，CI ＝1．66－4．03，P ＝0．0002）；有吮吸习惯者和无习惯者后牙反[牙合]发生率分别为9％和4％（OR ＝1．86，CI ＝1．04－3．36，P ＝0．0367）。结论：出生12月内非营养性吮吸习惯而非喂养方式是错[牙合]畸形发生的危险因素，母乳喂养是牙[牙合]发育的保护性因素。Objective：To assess the impacts of feeding type and non-nutritive sucking activity on occlusion in deciduous dentition in WeiFang city.Methods：The occlusion of 958 children aged 3 -5 years old in WeiFang city and their feeding types as well as the non-nutritive sucking habit during the first 1 2 months after birth were investigated by questionaire study.Data were statistically ana-lysed.Results：The prevalence of malocclusion in non-nutritive sucking habit group and non-habit group was 42% and 22% respec-tively（P =0.000 2）.The type of feeding did not have effect on occlusion and openbite.The prevalence of openbite in the children with sucking habit and in those without habit was 17% and 4% respectively（P 〈0.000 1 ）.The prevalence of posterior crossbite in the chil-dren with bottlefeeding and those with breastfeeding was 1 1 % and 4% respectively（P =0.000 2）.The prevalence of posterior crossbite in the children with sucking habit and those without habit was 9% and 4% respectively（P =0.036 7）.Conclusion：Non-nutritive sucking habit rather than feeding type in the first 1 2 months after birth is the main risk factor of malocclusion,breastfeeding is the pro-tective factor to occlusion.

关 键 词：母乳喂养 奶瓶喂养 非营养性吮吸 错[牙合]畸形 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学]