Cu、Cd污染背景下加拿大一枝黄花叶水提液对莴苣种子萌发和生长的生态毒理效应  

Insights into the Ecotoxicological Effects of Leaf Aqueous Extract of Solidago canadensis on Seed Germination and Growth of Lactuca sativa under Cu and Cd Pollution

作　　者：王磊[1] 张菲[1] 王从彦[1] 肖鸿光[1] 石艳春[1] 赵璐璐[1] 杜道林[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学环境生态研究所环境与安全工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2015年第4期203-209,共7页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：江苏大学大学生实践创新训练计划项目(No:201410299157W);江苏大学大学生科研立项项目(Y13A228;Y13A229;Y13A232)

摘　　要：在重金属污染加重及多样化的背景下,入侵植物对本地植物种子萌发和生长的生态毒理效应可能发生改变甚至增强。因此,本文探究了Cu和Cd单污染及其复合污染下入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花叶水提液对其本地近缘种莴苣种子萌发和生长的生态毒理效应。结果表明:加拿大一枝黄花叶水提液处理及3种重金属污染类型和加拿大一枝黄花叶水提液复合处理均显著降低莴苣种子发芽指数,表明重金属和加拿大一枝黄花叶水提液均对莴苣的种子萌发和生长产生明显生态毒理效应。Cu和Cd复合污染下加拿大一枝黄花叶水提液对莴苣幼苗株高产生的生态毒理效应显著大于在Cu和Cd单污染下的生态毒理效应,而在Cu和Cd复合污染下加拿大一枝黄花叶水提液对莴苣幼苗发芽速度指数产生的生态毒理效应也大于在Cu和Cd单污染下的生态毒理效应(未达到显著水平)。这表明在Cu和Cd复合污染下加拿大一枝黄花叶水提液对莴苣种子萌发产生的生态毒理效应大于在Cu和Cd单污染下的生态毒理效应,即Cu和Cd复合污染可能对加拿大一枝黄花对本地植物种子萌发和生长产生的生态毒理效应具有一定的叠加效应。The ecotoxicological effects of invasive species on the seed germination and growth of native allied spe- cies may be altered or even enhanced under increased and diversified heavy metal pollution. This study aimed to determine the ecotoxicological effects of leaf aqueous extract of the invasive plant Solidago canadensis on the seed germination and growth of its native allied species Lactuca sativa under three types of heavy metal pollution （Cu single pollution, Cd single pollution, as well as Cu and Cd combined pollution）. Results showed that the treatment of leaf aqueous extract of S. canadensis and the three types of heavy metal pollution significantly decreased the germination index of L. sativa seedlings. This f＇mding indicated that leaf aqueous extract of S. canadensis and heavy metal pollution may exert obvious ecotoxicological effects on the seed germination and growth of L. sativa. The ecotoxicological effects of leaf aqueous extract of S. canadensis under Cu and Cd combined pollution on the plant height of L. sativa seedlings were significantly higher than those under Cu and Cd single pollution, respectively. The ecotoxicological effects of leaf aqueous extract of S. canadensis under Cu and Cd combined pollution on the germination rate index of L. sativa seedlings were also higher than those under Cu and Cd single pollution, respectively, but the differences were not substantial. This result implied that the ecotoxicological effects of S. cana- densis on the seed germination and growth of L. sativa under Cu and Cd combined pollution were significantly higher than those under Cu or Cd single pollution. Thus, the combined pollution of Cu and Cd may confer a syner- gistic effect on the ecotoxicological effects of S. canadensis on the seed germination and growth of L. sativa.

关 键 词：铜 镉 水提液 加拿大一枝黄花 莴苣 种子萌发 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]