锰污染土壤对超富集植物木荷生长及生理的影响  

Effect of Manganese Contaminated Soils on the Growth and Physiology of Hyperaccumulators Schima superba

作　　者：王洋[1] 叶攀骅 刘可慧[2] 周振明[1,3] 陈孟林[1,3] 苏银萍[1] 刘华[1] 于方明[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,桂林541004 [2]桂林电子科技大学生命与环境科学学院,桂林541004 [3]珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,桂林541004

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2015年第4期244-250,共7页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161057);广西自然科学基金(2014GXNSFAA118303);广西科学研究与技术开发项目重大专项计划(桂科重1298002-6;桂科转14122008-2);广西教育厅项目(2013HZ003);广西研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSZ2015094)资助

摘　　要：采用土培的方法,以广西桂林市未受污染土壤(CK)为对照,研究了贺州市某锰矿区的未开采区(U)、探矿区(P)、恢复区(R)、采矿区(M)土壤和尾砂(W)对锰超富集植物木荷(Schima superba)的生长、锰的吸收及生理的影响。结果表明,从CK^W处理,木荷根茎叶中Mn含量依次增加,木荷的株高和株重随锰处理浓度的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,表明一定浓度的锰能促进木荷的生长,增加木荷的生物量。植株Mn含量的增加引起了木荷生理特征的变化,显著增加了叶片中硝酸还原酶(NR)及氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)的活性(P<0.05),降低了叶片中铵态氮的累积(P<0.05),抑制了谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)的活性(P<0.05),在R和M处理时NR、GDH活性最高,分别为对照的2.15和1.34倍,在W处理时GS、GOGAT分别比对照降低了66.1%、43.1%;硝态氮在U处理时达到最大值,从U-W处理呈下降的变化趋势。Mn处理同时还引起了木荷叶片中渗透调节物质的变化,随着Mn处理浓度的增加,游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖和还原性糖含量均有不同程度的增加,苹果酸含量则呈先上升后下降的趋势,表明为了适应锰胁迫,木荷可通过改变渗透调节物质的含量来维持体内的渗透压和正常生理功能。The effects of Mn contaminated soil on the growth, Mn accumulation and physiology of hyper-accumu-lating plant Schima superba were studied using soil culture experiments. Soil sample from the uncontaminated area of Guilin, Guangxi Province was used as the control （CK）, and the soil samples from unmined area （U）, prospec- tive mining area （P）, recovery area of open-cast （R）, mining section （M） and mill tailings （W） of a manganese mine in Hezhou, Guangxi province were taken as Mn-contaminated soils. The research results showed that the plant height and dry weight of Schima superb increased at a lower exposure concentration and then decreased at a higher exposure concentrations, as increased with the total Mn concentrations in soil. It indicated that Mn could stimulate the growth of Schima superb at a certain range of Mn exposures. The increased Mn concentration stressed signifi- cantly （P〈0.05） enzymatic activities of nitrate reductase （NR） and glutamate dehydrogenase （GDH）, while reduced the activities of glutamine synthetase （GS） and glutamate synthase （GOGAT）. The activities of glutamine synthetase （GS） and glutamate synthase （GOGAT） reached the maxima in the R and M treatments, where they were 2.15 and 1.34 times as those of the control. The activities of GS and GOGAT decreased by 66.1% and 43.1%, respectively due to in the W treatment. In a concentration-dependent manner, the contents of nitrogen in form of nitrate de- creased from U to W and reached the highest in the U treatment. And the contents of nitrogen in form of ammonia in leaves of all treatments decreased remarkably （P〈0.05） as compared with the control. The contents of free pro- line, soluble protein, as well as the soluble sugar and reducing sugar increased in all treatments as compared with the control, while the contents of malate increased at low Mn concentration and decreased at higher Mn concentra- tion. All of those explicated that, in order to adapt to the Mn stress, Schima superb

关 键 词：锰污染 木荷 氮素代谢 渗透调节 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]