鸡肉粉或猪肉粉部分替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、饲料利用及血清生化指标的影响  

Effect of Partial Replacement of Fish Meal by Poultry By-Product Meal or Pork Meat Powder on Growth Performance,Feed Utilization and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Pacific White Shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei)

作　　者：邱红[1] 李弋[1] 侯迎梅 周歧存[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,鱼类营养研究室,宁波315211

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第9期2784-2792,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31272670,41476125);国家公益性(农业)行业专项(201003020);宁波市农业攻关项目(2011C10006);浙江省高校重中之重(一级)学科建设项目

摘　　要：为探讨鸡肉粉或猪肉粉部分替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、饲料利用及血清生化指标的影响,进行了为期8周的生长试验。试验设计了7种等氮等脂的饲料(粗蛋白质含量40.0%、粗脂肪含量8.0%),其中以含30%红鱼粉的饲料为对照,鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代鱼粉的比例分别为25%(分别标记为P25和M25)、50%(分别标记为P50和M50)、75%(分别标记为P75和M75)。以初始体重为3.40g左右的凡纳滨对虾840尾,随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾。结果表明:与对照组相比,P25组和P50组的增重率和特定生长率无显著差异(P>0.05),P75组的增重率和特定生长率则显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,M25组的增重率和特定生长率无显著差异(P>0.05),M50组和M75组的增重率和特定生长率则显著降低(P<0.05)。鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代不同比例的鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾的成活率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率和肝体比均无显著影响(P>0.05)。凡纳滨对虾全虾水分、粗灰分和粗蛋白质含量各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);对照组全虾粗脂肪含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代不同比例的鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾血清高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、总蛋白、葡萄糖、甘油三酯和白蛋白含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此得出,以增重率为指标,凡纳滨对虾饲料中鸡肉粉和猪肉粉对鱼粉的替代比例分别以不超过50%和25%(即饲料中鸡肉粉和猪肉粉的添加量分别不超过16.12%和8.09%)为宜,且凡纳滨对虾对鸡肉粉的利用率高于猪肉粉。An 8-week feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the effects of partial replacement of fish meal by poultry by-product meal（PBM）or pork meat powder（PMP）on growth performance,feed utilization and serum biochemical indexes of Pacific white shrimp（Litopenaeus vannamei）.Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets（40.0% crude protein and 8.0% crude lipid）were formulated,and the diet contained 30% brown fish meal was used as control diet.PBM and PMP were used to replace 25%（named P25 and M25,respectively）,50%（named P50 and M50,respectively）and 75% brown fish meal（named P75 and M75,respectively）,respectively.A total of 840 Pacific white shrimp with an average initial body weight about 3.40 g were randomly allocated to 7groups with 3replicates per group and 40 shrimp per replicate.The results showed as follows：compared with control group,the weight gain rate（WGR）and specific gain rete（SGR）in P25 and P50groups had no significant differences（P〉0.05）,but those in P75 group were significantly decreased（P〈0.05）;compared with control group,the WGR and SGR in M25 group had no significant differences（P〉0.05）,but those in M50 and M75groups were significantly decreased（P〈0.05）.However,no significant differences in survival ratio（SR）,feed efficiency（FE）,protein efficiency ratio（PER）and hepatopancreas somatic index（HSI）were observed among all groups（P〉0.05）.There were no significant differences in the contents of whole body moisture,crude protein and ash among all groups（P〉0.05）,but the whole body crude lipid content in control group was significantly higher than that in other groups（P〈0.05）.Meanwhile,the contents of serum high density lipoprotein（HDL）,low density lipoprotein（LDL）,total protein（TP）;total cholesterol（TC）,triglyceride（TG）,total protein（TP）,glucose（GLU）and albumin（ALB）were not significantly affected by the PBM or PMP to substitute different proportion of fish meal（P〉0.05）.These

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 鸡肉粉 猪肉粉 鱼粉 生长性能 饲料利用 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]