饲料中豆粕替代鱼粉及添加牛磺酸对翘嘴鲌生长及若干生理指标的影响  

Effect of dietary replacement of fishmeal by soybean meal and taurine on growth performance and some physiological indices of juvenile topmouth culter,Culter alburnus

作　　者：刘汝鹏[1] 樊启学[1] 全德文 赵忠波[1] 何辉[1] 胡伟华[1] 吴巧婉 汪帆[1] 张诚明[1] 邵韦涵 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070 [2]蕲春县赤东湖渔场,湖北黄冈435300

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2015年第5期63-69,共7页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B06-03)

摘　　要：为研究豆粕替代鱼粉和添加牛磺酸及其交互作用对翘嘴鲌（Culter alburnus）幼鱼生长等指标的影响,试验设计豆粕替代鱼粉水平为0.00%、20.00%、35.00%、50.00%,牛磺酸水平为0.00%、1.00%,采用4×2双因素试验,配置了D1-D8共8个等氮（45.43%±0.80%）、等脂（9.2%±0.44%）的饲料处理组。结果显示,饲料中添加豆粕及牛磺酸对翘嘴鲌幼鱼生长性能无显著影响;随豆粕替代比例的增加,鱼体粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量显著降低（P〈0.05）;血清谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性及甘油三酯（TG）含量显著提高（P〈0.05）;总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量显著降低。牛磺酸显著降低了粗脂肪含量;AST、ALT、AKP活性及TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C含量均显著降低。豆粕替代鱼粉比例及牛磺酸对肥满度（CF）、IPF、脏体比（VSI）、AST、AKP活性及TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C含量具有显著交互作用。综合各项指标,本试验条件下推荐翘嘴鲌幼鱼的豆粕替代鱼粉比例是35%;添加1%牛磺酸可以改善鱼体生长性能。A 4 × 2 two-factorial experiment was conducted to examine effects of replacement of dietary fishmeal by soybean meal （0. 00%, 20. 0%, 35.0%, 50. 0% ） and taurine （0. 00%, 1.00% ） on the growth, body composition and blood biochemical indices of juvenile topmouth culter. Fish in 8 groups （3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate） were fed the iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets with D1 -D8 （45.43% ± 0. 80% crude protein; 9. 20% ± 0. 44% crude lipid）. The results showed as follows： replacement of dietary fishmeal by soybean meal and taurine showed no significant effect on growth performance of juvenile topmouth cuher （P 〉 0. 05 ）. Regardless of taurine, higher replace- ment of dietary fishmeal by soybean meal led to lower body protein contents, body lipid contents significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST） , alkaline phosphatase （AKP） and triacylglyceride （TG） in serum obviously increased with the increase of replacement of dietary fishmeal by soybean meal （P 〈 0. 05 ）, while the change of total cholesterol （ TC）, high density lipoprotein cholesterin （HDL-C） and low density lipoprorein eholesterin showed an opposite trend. Compared with the nonsupplemented groups, taurine significantly decreased body lipid contents （P 〈0. 05） and led to obviously lower levels of AST, ALT, AKP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Significant interactions between replacement of dietary fishmeal by soybean meal and taurine were found on the condition factor （CF）, IPF, Visceerosomatic index （VSI）, AST, AKP, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C （P〈0. 05）. As a result, in the experiments, the most suitable replacement level of fish meal by soybean meal was 35%. The growth performance of juvenile topmouth cuher were improved by adding 1% taurine.

关 键 词：翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus) 豆粕 牛磺酸 生长性能 体成分 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S963.71[农业科学—水产养殖]