火山渣作为人工湿地基质除磷效果的比较研究  

Study of scoria as an constructed wetland substrate for phosphorus removal

作　　者：滕良慧 张延羽 何春光[1] 盛连喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,吉林长春130117

出　　处：《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期132-136,共5页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理重大科技专项基金资助项目(2012ZX07201-001)

摘　　要：对火山渣、砾石、麦饭石等人工湿地基质材料的除磷性能进行了比较研究.结果表明：火山渣的磷吸附功能强于其他两种基质,但随着粒径的增大,吸附能力减弱;3-5和8-10mm粒径的火山渣对磷的去除率分别为76.54%和38.10%,而砾石和麦饭石则几乎没有去除效果,去除率仅为3.34%和1.13%.对火山渣的功能强化方法进行的研究发现,酸浸泡可以有效提高火山渣对磷的去除能力,并且随着盐酸处理浓度的增大,基质对磷的去除作用逐渐增强;5mol/L HCl处理后的基质对质量浓度为5mg/L的磷的去除率达到了99%以上,能够实现对磷污染的深度处理.研究结果对于人工湿地基质的筛选、功能强化及高效除磷提供了科学依据.Phosphorus is one of the main factors that induce eutrophication. Substrate adsorption by constructed wetlands is considered to be the main way to remove phosphorus. In this paper, the performance for phosphorus removal by scoria, gravel and medical stone were explored separately. Phosphorus absorption featured scoria that had stronger ability for phosphorus adsorption than that of the other two substrates. However,as the particle size increased,the adsorption capacity decreased. Phosphorus removal rates of 3-5 mm and 8-10 mm size of scoria were 76.54% and 38.10% ,while which of gravel and medical stone were only 3.34% and 1.13%. Methods for enhancing phosphorus absorption of scoria were explored in this article. Study found that acid soak could effectively improve the phosphorus adsorption properties of scoria. In addition,with the increasing concentration of HCl, removal rates of phosphorus increased. With treatment by 5 mol/L HCl, phosphorus removal rate reached over 99% ,achieving deep treat of phosphorus pollution. The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for how to select wetland substrate materials and how to enhance their features for efficient phosphorus removal.

关 键 词：人工湿地 基质 除磷 火山渣 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]