自适应主动共振吸振器的设计和减振性能研究  

On the Design of Adaptive Active Resonant Vibration Absorber and its Vibration Damping Effect

作　　者：闫立勋 周鸿[2] 彭超[2] 龚兴龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学精密机械与精密仪器系,合肥230027 [2]中国科学技术大学近代力学系,中国科学院材料力学行为与设计重点实验室,合肥230027

出　　处：《实验力学》2015年第5期556-566,共11页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11125210)资助

摘　　要：为了扩大吸振器的工作频带,减小吸振器的阻尼,最终提高吸振器的减振效果,本文设计了一种自适应主动共振吸振器。文中对几种不同种类吸振器的减振原理、动力学特性等进行了理论分析和比较,集成自调谐吸振器和主动吸振器的优点,完成了一种自适应主动共振吸振器的设计,并提出了一种变步长、双寻优的控制算法。在振动台上测试了吸振器的动力学特性并理论分析了吸振器的移频特性和阻尼特性。在两端固支梁上对吸振器的减振效果进行了实验评估。实验结果显示,相比自调谐吸振器,加入主动力控制后,自适应主动共振吸振器的阻尼比从0.04减小至0.02,减振效果得到了显著的提高。In order to expand vibration absorber frequency bandwidth and reduce its damping, and finally to improve its vibration damping effect, the design of a novel adaptive active resonant vibration absorber is presented in this paper. Based on theoretical analysis and comparison of vibration reduction principle and dynamic characteristics of several different kinds of absorbers, and taking advantage the merits of adaptive tuned vibration absorber （ATVA） and active vibration absorber （AVA）, a design of adaptive active resonant vibration absorber （AARA） was completed, and a double variable step length optimization algorithm was also put forward. Dynamic properties of proposed AARA were experimentally studied on platform vibrator and its frequency shift range and damping characteristics were theoretically analyzed. An experimental evaluation of AARA vibration damping effect was carried out on a both ends clamped beam. Experimental results demonstrate that comparing with adaptive tuned vibration absorber, the damping ratio of AARA decreases from 0.04 roughly to 0.02 due to adding active force control. Consequently, AARA vibration damping effect is significantly improved.

关 键 词：吸振器 移频范围 阻尼 减振效果 

分 类 号：O328[理学—一般力学与力学基础] TB535.1[理学—力学]