宅基地使用权去身份化改革的两难困局及其突破  

The Dilemma and Solution of the Disidentification-oriented Reform of Rural Residential Land System

作　　者：张菡冰[1] 李翔[2] 柳乾坤[1] 靳相木[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学公共管理学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]曲阜师范大学经济学院,山东日照276826

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2015年第8期49-54,共6页China Land Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71273226);国家社会科学基金年度项目(13BJL004)

摘　　要：研究目的:通过对宅基地使用权身份化和物权化"两化复合"结构的事实关系进行理论提炼,揭示宅基地制度改革的基本取向。研究方法:文献梳理法、综合分析法。研究结果:以身份化为内核、以"一户一宅"为表达形式的宅基地制度,保障了13亿人口大国的最大群体、最弱势群体的居住正义,但同时宅基地使用权的身份化"绑架"了物权化,使宅基地使用权无法成为真正的用益物权。宅基地制度改革的基本取向是去身份化,但面临着市场化流转和住房保障的两难困境。研究结论:以继承环节去身份化作为宅基地使用权去身份化改革的突破口,积累经验之后,再沿着"管住增量—调整存量—双轨管理"的思路,分阶段、按区域、有步骤地推进宅基地使用权的去身份化改革。The purpose of this paper is to refine the relationship between identification and the combined nature of the property right of rural residential land use right theoretically, aiming at revealing the basic orientation of rural residential land system. Literature review method and comprehensive analysis method are employed. The result indicates that the rural residential land system secures the residential safety of peasant in China, by the principal of ＂one household, one housing land＂ as its manifestation. But at th taking identification as its core and e same time, identification restrains rural residential land use right from being a real usufruct property right. The basic orientation of the reform of the rural residential land use right is therefore disidentification, but it faces the dilemma of the market circulation and the housing security. The conclusion of this paper is that the disidentification-oriented reform of rural residential land system should begin at the point of rural residential land use right inheritance, and then, gradually remove identification nature from rural residential land use right. And finally, by taking the way of controlling increment and adjusting stock（regulated within two tracks）, we may promote the disidentification reform of rural residential land use right step by step.

关 键 词：土地制度 宅基地 成员权 物权 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]