统计概要表征的内容与机制  

Statistical Summary Representation: Contents and Mechanisms

作　　者：仝可 唐薇[1,2] 陈文锋[1] 傅小兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所,脑与认知科学国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2015年第10期1723-1731,共9页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委面上项目(31371031);国家重点基础研究发展计划课题(2011CB302201)

摘　　要：人类能够快速提取集合刺激中的统计信息,并形成以集中趋势和变异性为主要内容的统计概要表征。根据注意资源的使用,统计概要表征的加工方式可分为分布式注意下的整体加工和聚焦注意下的个体加工。两种加工在工作记忆中相互影响,共同构建了对集合刺激的表征。统计概要表征适用于多种刺激类型,发生在低水平和高水平加工中,因而可能是一种普遍的知觉加工方式。未来研究可关注统计概要表征的神经基础及其对决策的影响。Humans are capable of extracting statistical information from multiple stimuli and forming statistical summary representation （SSR）, in which central tendency and variability of the stimuli are represented. According to the use of attentional resource, the mechanisms of SSR could be categorized into ensemble processing under distributed attention and individual processing under focused attention. Both mechanisms interact in the working memory, constructing the representation of multiple stimuli. SSR occurs across different stimulus types in both low-level and high-level processing, suggesting that it may be a common encoding method in perception. Future work on SSR may focus on its neural substrates and its impact on decision making.

关 键 词：统计概要表征 集中趋势 变异性 整体表征 抽样策略 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]