渐变节流液压缓冲器特性分析与结构优化  

Performance Analysis and Structural Optimization of Gradual Throttling Hydraulic Buffer

作　　者：马星国[1] 吴琼[1] 尤小梅[1] 魏来生[2] 陈轶杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁沈阳110159 [2]北京北方车辆集团有限公司,北京100072

出　　处：《机床与液压》2015年第19期100-104,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

摘　　要：为研究渐变节流液压缓冲器工作特性的影响因素,分析了其结构以及工作原理,基于流体力学以及运动学建立数学模型,利用MATLAB进行求解,得到了缓冲特性曲线;为达到更加理想的缓冲效果,利用遗传算法对缓冲器进行优化,以阻尼孔的半径与长度以及针形节流杆的最小半径作为优化变量,将理想缓冲效率与实际缓冲效率的差值设为目标函数。结果表明:优化后的缓冲器缓冲效率增加,最大缓冲力降低。In order to study the influence factors of working characteristics of gradual throttling hydraulic buffer,its structure and working principle were analyzed. A mathematical model was established based on fluid mechanics and kinematics,and characteristics curve of the buffer was obtained after solved by MATLAB. In order to achieve the better cushioning effect,the buffer was optimized by genetic algorithm. The radius and length of damping hole as well as the minimum radius of needle throttle bar were set as optimization variables,and the difference value between the ideal buffer efficiency and the actual buffer efficiency was set as objective function. The results show that the buffer efficiency is increased and the maximum buffer force is reduced after optimization.

关 键 词：液压缓冲器 MATLAB 遗传算法 特性曲线 结构优化 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]