江永县柑橘园肥力状况及施肥建议  

Fertility Situation and Fertilization Measures of Citrus Orchards in Jiangyong

作　　者：何懿平 伍存志 伍兴甲 

机构地区：[1]江永县农业局,湖南江永425400 [2]江西师范大学化学与化工学院,江西南昌330022 [3]江永县水果生产办公室,湖南江永425400

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2015年第8期79-82,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：江永县柑橘园酸性土壤与碱性土壤并存,以酸性土壤为主,占土样总数的81.92%,实际生产中应区别不同土壤,合理培肥、改造,并在砧木选择上因地制宜。土壤有机质处于低或偏低状态的土样占总土样数的49.72%,宜增施有机肥;碱解氮含量总体状况较好,处于适量和高量状态的土样数占总土样数的76.03%;有效磷含量处于适量和高量状态的土样数占总土样数的63.52%;有效钾总体上以缺乏和极缺为主,占总土样数的59.08%;交换性镁、交换性钙、有效磷、有效铜和有效铁的含量水平以高量和过量为主,有效锰、有效锌和有效硼的含量水平以适量为主,但有效锌和有效硼的含量极缺和缺乏的土样也占一定比例。因此,应根据具体地块土壤营养状况结合叶片营养状况分析结果,制定N、P、K肥料施用比例,对中、微量元素肥料应结合三要素肥料及有机肥的施用及防治病虫害区别不同情况进行合理补充。Citrus orchards in Jiangyong county have both acidic and alkaline soils, and the majority type is the acidic soil, which accounts for 81.92% of the total number of soil samples. It is necessary to distinguish among different soils, fertilize and improve soils reasonably, and select rootstocks according to the actual situation in the practice. Soil samples, of which organic matter contents are low or on the low side, account for 49.72%, and it is appropriate to increase the application of organic fertilizer; the content of available nitrogen is in good condition in general, and soil samples with optimum and high level account for 76.03%; soil samples with optimum and high level of available phosphorus contents account for 63.52~6; soil samples are lack or extremely short of effective potassium in general, accounting for 59.08%. The contents of exchangeable magnesium and caldium, as well as effective phosphate, copper and iron are mainly high or too high in soil samples; The contents of effective manganese, zinc and boron of the majority samples are at the optimum level[3but there is a certain proportion of samples which are lack or extremely short of effective zinc and boron. Therefore, we should formulate specific proportion of N, P, K fertilizers according to the soil nutrition condition of the plots and the leaf nutrition analysis results, and apply secondary fertilizer and microelements reasonably based on the application situation of N, P, K fertilizers and organic ones as well as the control condition of diseases and pests.

关 键 词：土壤 营养 施肥 江永县 柑橘园 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]