玉米秸秆与废弃白菜混贮料的发酵特性及其乳酸菌分离鉴定  

Identification of lactic acid bacteria and fermentation characteristics of mixed ensilages of corn stover and cabbage waste

作　　者：任海伟[1,2,3] 赵拓[2] 李金平[1,3] 李雪雁[2] 李志忠[2] 徐娜[2] 王永刚[2] 喻春来 高晓航[2] 王晓力[4] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学西部能源与环境研究中心,甘肃兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学生命科学与工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [3]甘肃省西北低碳城镇支撑技术协同创新中心,甘肃兰州730050 [4]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《草业科学》2015年第9期1508-1517,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51366009);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(145RJZA064);兰州市人才创新创业专项(2014-2-20);兰州理工大学"红柳青年教师培养计划"(Q201207)

摘　　要：将玉米秸秆(Zea mays)与废弃白菜(Brassica pekinensis)进行不同比例(玉米秸秆与废弃白菜鲜质量比分别为29∶19、27∶21、25∶23、23∶25、21∶27和19∶29)混合青贮,研究二者混贮60d时的化学组分和发酵品质,筛选出发酵品质最好的混贮比例,并对最优混贮料中的乳酸菌进行分离鉴定。结果表明,所有混贮组的pH值均显著低于玉米秸秆单贮组(P<0.05),说明混合青贮品质优于单独青贮。混贮组中ME5组品质最佳,pH值和氨态氮/总氮显著低于其他混贮组(除ME4组外,P<0.05),乳酸含量显著高于其他混贮组(除ME1组外,P<0.05)。从ME5组中分离得到12株乳酸菌。分别为1株短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis)、3株植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、7株戊糖片球菌(Pediococcus pentosaceus)和1株肠道肠球菌(Enterococcus hirae)。ME5组中乳杆菌属和片球菌属为优势属,且以同型发酵乳酸菌为主。To explore the feasibility of corn stover （CS） and cabbage waste （CW） mixed silage, the effects of different ratio on ensilages quality were studied to assess the best ration of two materials. Meanwhile, conventional identification methods and 16SrRNA sequence analysis were employed to analyze the lactic acid bacteria diversity from the optimum mass ratio of CS and CW ensilages. The results showed that the pH value of all the mixed silages were lower than CS solely ensilages （SECS, P〈0.05） which mean that the quality of mixed ensilages were better than CS sole ensilages. The ME5 group was the optimal mass ra- tio in mix-ensiling groups. A total number of 12 lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the ME5 group, which belonged to the three different generas （LactobaciHus, Pediococcus and Enterococcus）. Among these isolates, Lactobacillus and Pediococcus were the predominant strains （91.7% of the total isolates）. They were composed of 1 strain of L. brevis, 3 strains of L. plantarurn, 7 strains of P. pentosaceus and 1 strain of E. hirae which mainly were homofementative of lactobacillus. The research result supported that the way of CS and CW mixed ensilages was feasible and had laid the foundation for preparing an excellent lactic acid bacteria addictive for silage.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 废弃白菜 混合青贮 青贮品质 乳酸菌 16SrRNA 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]