电动出租车充电桩优化配置  

Optimal Configuration of Charging Spots for Electric Taxis

作　　者：张帝[1] 姜久春[1] 张维戈[1] 王晓峰[1,2] 黄彧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学国家能源主动配电网技术研发中心,北京100044 [2]普天新能源有限责任公司,北京100080

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2015年第18期181-188,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划2013年重大项目(2013BAA01B03)资助

摘　　要：电池和充电技术的发展促进了电动汽车的规模化应用,纯电动出租车成为示范运营阶段的主力,充电桩作为基础设施最关键的部分,配置数量会直接影响充电站的运行和建设成本。基于深圳电动出租车的实际运营数据,对电动出租车的行为特性进行分析,划分了两个不同的时段,利用排队论原理分别建立了两种电动出租车充电站服务系统的数学模型。以整个电动出租车充电站服务系统的总费用最低为目标函数,建立了电动出租车充电桩的优化配置模型。深圳市南山地税充电站的实际算例仿真结果验证了模型的有效性,给出的充电桩的最优配置数量比当前更优,通过充电桩的优化配置,在尽量不影响电动出租车充电的情况下,可降低充电站服务系统的成本,从而实现双赢。The technology developments of batteries and charging techniques would promote the large-scale applications of electric vehicles. Pure electric taxis play an important role in the demonstration operation stage. As the most critical part of the infrastructure, the allocation quantity of the charging spots will directly affect the operation of the charging station and the construction costs. The behavior and characteristics of the electric taxis are analyzed based on the actual operational data of Shenzhen electric taxis, which is divided into two different time periods. Two electric taxi charging station service system models are established based on the queuing theory. Taking the minimum total cost of entire electric charging station service system as the objective function, the electric taxi charge spots optimal allocation model is proposed. The practical example simulation results of Shenzhen Nanshan local tax charging station verify the feasibility of the model. The number of the optimal charging spots is smaller than that of the current configuration. Through the optimal allocation of the charging spots, the cost of the charging station service system is reduced with minimal impact on the electric taxi charging to achieve a win-win.

关 键 词：电动出租车 运行特性 充电桩 排队论 优化配置 

分 类 号：TM91[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]