中国生育保障水平的现状及影响因素分析——基于第三期中国妇女社会地位调查的实证研究  

State of and Factors in China's Social Protection for Maternity:Based on Findings from the 3^(rd) National Survey on the Status of Chinese Women

作　　者：黄桂霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]全国妇联妇女研究所,北京100730

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2015年第5期103-111,共9页Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2012年第一批重大项目(文化类)"男女平等价值观研究与相关理论探索"(项目编号:12&ZD035)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：文章以第三期中国妇女社会地位调查中关于生育保障的相关数据为基础,通过考察中国生育保障的现状,结合中国生育保障制度政策的发展,对保障水平的影响因素进行分析。相关数据显示,十年来,按照国家规定享受产假的女职工比例有了较快增长;产假期间有工资、补贴的比例也有了较大增长,但是保障水平较低,大部分生育妇女要自己支付部分住院分娩费用,农村妇女的住院分娩费用自付比例较高。分析发现,中国妇女的生育保障水平受制度政策的影响较大,城乡差距依然存在,职业状况是影响生育保障水平的重要因素。This paper examines the factors that influence the level of social protection for maternity based on the findings of the 3rd National Survey on the Status of Chinese Women on the state of social protection and the government recent policies. It shows that in the past ten years, the rate of women workers who enjoy granted maternity leave has increased and there is also an increase of the rate of women who take paid and/or subsidized leaves. However, the subsidy is still very low. The majority of the women have to pay part of the cost of delivery in hospitals. Rural women have a higher rate of self paid delivery in hospitals. The examination also shows that the level of social protection for maternity in China is heavily influenced by the existing policy and the gap between urban rural areas. Occupational status is an important factor influencing the level of social protection for maternity.

关 键 词：生育保障水平 分娩费用 产假 生育津贴 

分 类 号：C913.68[经济管理]