一种双星敏感器联合确定船体姿态方法  

Method of jointly determining ship attitude by dual star sensors

作　　者：潘良[1] 周海渊[1] 张同双[1] 赵李建 

机构地区：[1]中国卫星海上测控部飞行器海上测量与控制联合实验室,江阴214431

出　　处：《中国惯性技术学报》2015年第3期334-338,共5页Journal of Chinese Inertial Technology

摘　　要：单星敏感器横滚测量精度偏低会影响航向测量精度,采用双星敏感器联合的方法可以有效提高船姿精度,其中关键是蒙气差修正和联合姿态确定方法。目前蒙气差修正一般采用基于恒星观测矢量的修正方法,联合姿态确定方式一般采用基于双视轴指向联合的方法。以上在蒙气差中需要引入初始船体姿态,而且修正迭代解算过程复杂,再者单星敏感器需要识别4颗以上恒星才能获得视轴指向,如果其中一个无法获得视轴指向,双星敏感器无法解算船体姿态。针对上述情况,提出了一种新的双星敏感器联合确定船体姿态的方法,包括基于恒星参考矢量的蒙气差修正方法和基于恒星观测矢量的联合姿态确定方法。基于该方法蒙气差修正不再需要初始船姿,而且在理论上只需双星敏感器各自至少有1颗可识别恒星,即可完成船体姿态角的解算。试验结果表明该方法降低了双星敏感器获取船体姿态角所需的可识别恒星数量限制,提高了双星敏感器获取船体姿态的能力。The poor rolling precision of single star sensor has harmful affect on the heading measurement accuracy. The accuracy of ship attitude can be improved by using dual star sensors, in which the key methods are refraction correction and combined attitude determination. At present, the refraction correction method is usually based on the star observation vector correction, and the combined attitude determination method is based on dual optical axis combination. These two methods need introducing the initial ship attitude in refraction correction, and the iterative correction solution process is complex. In addition, the single star sensor needs at least 4 stars to be identified before the ship attitude can be calculated. In view of these problems, a new method for determining the ship attitude by dual star sensors is proposed, which includes the refraction correction based on the star theoretical vector correction and the combined attitude determination method base on the star observation vector combination. The refraction correction by the new method no longer need the initial ship attitude, and in theory the ship attitude can be obtained only if each of the dual star sensors can identify at least 1 star. Experiment results show that the ability of dual star sensors to obtain the ship attitude is improved by the proposed method.

关 键 词：双星敏感器 恒星观测矢量 船体姿态 视轴指向 

分 类 号：U666.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]