小型LNG加注船通航横向风险距离定量计算  

Quantitative Calculation for Determining Lateral Nautical Risk Distance of Small LNG Bunker Vessel

作　　者：孟晓东[1] 袁章新[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海船舶运输科学研究所航运技术与安全国家重点实验室,上海200135

出　　处：《中国航海》2015年第3期89-93,共5页Navigation of China

摘　　要：为保障小型内河液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)加注船的通航安全,提出一种定量计算LNG加注船通航过程中横向风险距离的方法。采用国际定量风险评价(Quantitative Risk Analysis,QRA)的通用理念进行小型LNG加注船通航过程危险源识别,建立LNG储罐不同孔径泄漏(包括自身疲劳所致泄漏和外力所致泄漏)概率数据库;通过计算LNG火灾发生概率及后果所致个人风险,并依据个人风险可接受标准,最终确定LNG加注船通航过程中的横向风险距离。利用该方法对某小型内河LNG加注船通航过程横向风险距离进行定量计算。结果表明:该距离与LNG加注船通航次数及通航水域交通流密度等因素有关,在交通流密度较大水域设置横向安全距离是有必要的。In order to ensure the nautical safety of Liquefied Natural Gas （LNG） bunker vessel, a calculation method for determining the lateral risk distance of LNG bunker vessel is presented. The accident scenario identification is performed according to the general idea of Quantitative Risk Analysis （QRA）. The database for probabilities of different LNG spill scales from possible tank rupture sizes due to its fatigue failure or an external impact are built. The lateral risk distance from the small bunker vessel is decided according to the consequence and vulnerability estimates and the risk criteria of the industry. An example application is given, which shows that the risk distance is bound up with the LNG, number of bunker vessel transits and traffic volume of the given waterway. A lateral risk distance is necessary even for small LNG bunkering vessels.

关 键 词：水路运输 液化天然气 加注船 定量风险分析 风险距离 

分 类 号：U674.244[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] U698[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]