玛纳斯河流域积雪遥感地面同步观测  

Snow remote sensing field experiments in Manasi River Basin

作　　者：耶楠 冯学智[1,2,3] 肖鹏峰[1,2,3] 贺广均[1,2,3,4] 陈妮[1,2,3] 张学良[1,2,3] 朱榴骏[1,2,3] 汪左[1,2,3] 李敏[1,2,3] 蒋璐媛 

机构地区：[1]江苏省地理信息技术重点实验室,南京大学,南京210023 [2]卫星测绘技术与应用国家测绘地理信息局重点实验室,南京大学,南京210023 [3]南京大学地理信息科学系,南京大学,南京210023 [4]天地一体化信息技术国家重点实验室,航天恒星科技有限公司,北京100086

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第5期921-928,共8页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项(95-Y40B02-9001-13/15-04);国家自然科学基金(41271353)

摘　　要：积雪作为冰冻圈主要组成部分,是全球能量和水循环的重要环节.利用卫星遥感技术获取的高时空分辨率的积雪分布和状态信息对寒区水资源管理、经济发展和社会稳定具有重要意义.目前,利用高分辨率光学和合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)卫星数据能够实现积雪覆盖范围的识别和雪层物化参数的反演,但识别和反演的精度在高寒山区条件下受地形影响严重.为改进现有识别和反演模型在山区条件下的适应性,以新疆天山北坡玛纳斯河流域为研究区,分别在2013年冬季积雪期和2014年春季融雪期进行了两次与SAR卫星同步的野外积雪观测,为山区积雪识别和积雪参数反演获取了地面实测光谱和积雪参数数据.对两次积雪观测的目的、方法和初步结果进行介绍.观测初步结果显示了积雪在研究区内空间分布不均一,季节性差异性明显,为后续通过高分辨率遥感手段获取山区积雪参数时间和空间变异性提供了基础.Snow is a key component in cryosphere,which plays a significant role in global energy and water cycles.The development of space-borne remote sensing techniques on monitoring snow cover and status distribution with high temporal and spatial resolution will benefit water resource management,economic growth,and social stability of cold areas.To date,snow cover area can be identified using high resolution optical sensor from the space,and physical properties of snow pack can be retrieved from Synthetic Aperture Radar（SAR）satellite observations.However,theaccuracy of identification and retrieval is adversely affected by topography in mountainous areas.To improve the suitability of identification and retrieval models,two field experiments dedicated to snow remote sensing were conducted during the winter of 2013 and the spring of 2014 over a study area of Manas River Basin on north face of the Tianshan Mountains,Xinjiang Province.Intensive in-situ spectral and snow properties sampling were carried out coincident with the coverage of satellite observations.The objectives,methodology,and preliminary results of these two field experiments are presented in this paper.The preliminary results show a significant heterogeneous distribution and seasonal variation of snow in the study area,and the potential of using high resolution remote sensing techniques to capture the temporal and spatial variability of mountainous snow.

关 键 词：积雪遥感 高分辨率光学遥感 合成孔径雷达 野外观测 玛纳斯河流域 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]