诱导单性结实罗汉果果实生长发育规律及品质研究  

Study on exogenous hormones inducing parthenocarpy fruit growth and development and quality of Siraitia grosvenorii

作　　者：黄杰[1] 涂冬萍[2] 马小军[2] 莫长明[3] 潘丽梅[3] 白隆华[3] 冯世鑫[3] 

机构地区：[1]广西中医药大学,广西南宁530001 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [3]广西药用植物园,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2015年第18期3567-3572,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI01B03);国家自然科学基金项目(81373914);广西自然科学基金项目(2013GXNSFDA019021);热带名贵药用植物种质创新与繁育项目(121306)

摘　　要：对外源激素诱导罗汉果单性结实所获无籽或少籽果实的生长发育规律及品质进行分析研究。采用形态学观测和酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）对诱导单性结实果实生长发育过程中果实横、纵径、体积及内源激素（IAA,GA,ABA,ZR）含量进行测定的,同时观测成熟果实大小,种子变化和测定罗汉果甜苷含量,并以二倍体授粉与三倍体诱导及授粉组作为实验对照。结果显示,诱导单性结实罗汉果可获得少籽且种子空瘪无种仁果实;果实大小生长发育规律与授粉组相似;果实横,纵径和体积绝对值二倍体诱导组小于授粉组,而三倍体果实则相反。ABA,IAA含量和ABA/GA比值在果实发育中波动明显,单性结实果实内源激素IAA,ABA含量在生长期0-30 d先下降再升高,生长期内IAA,GA含量诱导果实高于授粉果实;罗汉果总苷质量分数为3.08%,罗汉果甜苷Ⅴ1.47%,两含量略低于授粉果实远高于三倍体授粉与诱导果实含量。激素诱导可使罗汉果单性结实得到果形及大小与正常授粉果实接近且少籽的果实,果实品质接近于正常授粉果实。To explore the growth and development and analyze the quality of the parthenocarpy fruit induced by exogenous hormones of Siraitia grosvenorii. the horizontal and vertical diameter,volume of the fruit were respectively measured by morphological and the content of endogenous hormones were determined by ELISA. The size and seed and content of mogrosides of mature fruit were determined. The results showed that the fruit of parthenocarpy was seedless and its growth and development is similar to the diploid fruit by hand pollination and triploid fruit by hand pollination or hormones. But the absolute value of horizontal and vertical diameter,volume of parthenocarpy fruit was less than those of fruit by hand pollination,while triploid was opposite. The content of IAA,ABA and ratio of ABA / GA was obviously wavy. At 0-30 d the content of IAA and ABA of parthenocarpy fruit first reduced then increased,content of IAA and GA parthenocarpy fruit was higher than that of fruit by hand pollination. Mogrosides of parthenocarpy fruit was close to pollination fruit. Hormones can induce S. grosvenorii parthenocarpy to get seedless fruit and the fruit shape and size and quality is close to normal diploid fruit by hand pollination and better than triploid fruit by hormone or hand pollination.

关 键 词：罗汉果 单性结实 生长发育 内含激素含量 罗汉果甜苷 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]