冷库内不同风速及不同包装对富士苹果降温速率的影响  

Effect of Different Wind Speeds and Different Packages on the Cooling Rate of Fuji Apple

作　　者：陈存坤[1] 王文生[1] 董成虎[1] 李春媛[1] 纪海鹏[1] 于晋泽[1] 李瑞臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家农产品保鲜工程技术研究中心(天津)农业部农产品采后生理与贮藏保鲜重点实验室天津市农产品采后生理与贮藏保鲜重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2015年第10期1321-1325,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(863)(2012AA101606);2013农业部公益性行业科研专项(201303075);2013年天津科技创新体系及平台建设计划项目(12TXGCCX00400);2015天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201502030);天津农业科学院院长基金项目(13007;14004)

摘　　要：为研究冷库内不同风速和不同包装对水果预冷速率的影响,以红富士苹果为试材,在0^-1℃的冷库内,采用5种不同包装方式和3种风速,进行降温时间记录和降温速率计算,研究风速和包装对预冷速率的影响。结果表明,果实品温从16℃降为0℃,在相同风速条件下,不同包装方式的降温速率由快到慢依次为:塑料周转箱内无内衬>塑料周转箱内衬薄膜袋>开孔纸箱内衬薄膜袋>无孔纸箱内衬薄膜袋>纸箱无孔内衬薄膜袋外套薄膜袋;同时,风速对降温速率有显著的影响,在供试的3种风速下,相同的包装方式,风速越高,降温速率越快。与低风速相比,中风速或高风速对5种包装形式降温速率均显著加快,但是中风速与低风速相比降温速率提高幅度大,高风速与中风速相比提高幅度相对较小,提高风速影响降温速率最大的包装形式是塑料周转箱内无内衬和塑料周转箱内衬薄膜袋2种处理。结果还表明,果实品温在温度高的区段比温度低的区段降温速率快,在达到预冷工艺要求的前提下,提高降温的终点温度会大大缩短预冷时间,减少能耗。The effects of different wind speed and packaging methods on the cooling rate of ‘Red Fuji＇ apples were studied in the article. Five different packaging methods and three different wind speed were used in the cold storage of 0 ~ -1 ℃. The results showed that under the condition of same wind speed, the temperature of the ＇Red Fuji＇ apples decreased from 16 ℃ to 0℃, the cooling rate of different package methods was： plastic turnover box without thin film bags 〉 plastic turnover box lined with thin film bags 〉 open hole carton lined with thin film bags 〉 no hole carton lined with thin film bags 〉 no hole carton lined and wrapped with thin film bags. Wind speed had a significant effect on the cooling rate. With same package methods, the higher the wind speed, the faster the cooling rate. Compared with the low wind speed, the medium and high wind speed accerlated the cooling rate of the apples with 5 differrent package metheds. The cooling rate of medium wind speed increased significantly in comparison with the low speed, and increased slowly in comparison with the high speed. The pacakge metheds of plastic turnover box without thin film bags ＆ plastic turnover box lined withthin film bags had the biggest influence on the cooling rate. The results also showed the cooling rate decreaed much faster in the higher temperature zone than the lower temperature zone. On the condition of meeting cooling process requirements, increasing the cooling temperature could greatly shorten the cooling time and reduce the energy consumption.

关 键 词：苹果 预冷速率 冷库 风速 包装 

分 类 号：S609.3[农业科学—园艺学]